Abstract
The anatomy of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and common, external and internal iliac veins (CIV, EIV, IIV respectively) was examined in 59 embalmed adult human cadavers of Caucasian origin. In the present study, we focus our attention on the drainage patterns of the ascending lumbar and iliolumbar veins (ALV, ILV) when there are variations in the major pelvic veins by highlighting and describing the variations themselves. The above patterns, when no variations exist, have already been reported. Among the 59 cadavers, nine (9/59, 15.3%) presented anomalies of the major pelvic veins, as follows: anomalous drainage of both EIV and IIV in 8.5% of the specimens (5/59, Type I); variations of the IVC in 3.4% (2/59, Type II); duplication of the IIV (1/59=1.7%, Type III); anastomotic branch between the right IIV and the left CIV (1/59=1.7%, Type IV). ALV drained either into the CIV (8/18 sides, 44.4%) or in EIV (5/18 sides, 27.8%), while absence of ILV was the most frequent pattern (8/18 sides, 44.4%). A common trunk, joining the two veins, was observed in 5/18 sides (27.8%). Those drainage patterns were in accordance with the ones discovered in our previous study. In Type I the two veins always drained into the EIV. Knowledge of the sur...Continue Reading
References
Mar 1, 1978·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·A E Berkow, R E Henkin
Sep 1, 1992·Journal of Clinical Ultrasound : JCU·A J DoyleM A Simons
Jan 1, 1987·Spine·A Arthornthurasook, K Gaew-Im
Apr 1, 1984·American Journal of Diseases of Children·M A KellyL G Dunbar
Oct 1, 1980·Angiology·G Pillari, M G Baron
Apr 1, 1996·Chest·C Kouroukis, J R Leclerc
Feb 1, 1997·American Journal of Perinatology·R C LusskyR Cifuentes
Jun 2, 2000·Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·J E BassJ H Harris
Feb 22, 2001·Pediatric Neurology·C C ChenK I Yau
Mar 31, 2001·Intensive Care Medicine·E CarrionG J Hauser
Oct 3, 2002·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume·Vinay Jasani, David Jaffray
Feb 20, 2003·AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology·G GayerS Apter
Aug 12, 2003·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·A OtoH H Celik
Jul 13, 2004·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Salvador A BrauRobert G Watkins
Dec 23, 2004·Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition·A De, A Imam
Aug 23, 2005·Archives of Disease in Childhood·B C Schoonakker, D Harding
Apr 28, 2006·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·T M CardinotL A Favorito
Dec 7, 2006·Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists·Mustafa Koplay, Mecit Kantarci
Jan 18, 2007·Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists·G SivakumarB Freeman
Mar 22, 2007·Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists·M HamidO Plaisant
Apr 2, 2008·Chinese Journal of Traumatology = Zhonghua Chuang Shang Za Zhi·Sheng LuShi-zhen Zhong
Sep 26, 2008·Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists·Kenneth P UnruhPaul M Huddleston
Mar 31, 2009·Anatomical Science International·Konstantinos NatsisVasilios Vyzas
May 20, 2009·Neonatal Network : NN·Carol W Trotter
Aug 13, 2009·Pediatric Radiology·Akshay Kumar SaxenaKushaljit Singh Sodhi
Nov 2, 2011·Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft·Evangelos LolisDionysios Venieratos
Citations
May 28, 2013·Anatomical Science International·Shogo HayashiTakashi Nakano
May 31, 2014·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·Mack ShinYang Soo Kim
Jan 17, 2019·Journal of Surgical Case Reports·Burak SezginHakan Camuzcuoğlu
Jan 13, 2021·Diagnostics·Stoyan KostovAngel Yordanov
Apr 6, 2021·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·Azad Hekimoglu, Onur Ergun
Jul 24, 2021·Vascular and Endovascular Surgery·Xiaosong ZhangDa Li