Vascular dysfunction elicited by a cross talk between periaortic adipose tissue and the vascular wall is reversed by pioglitazone

Cardiovascular Therapeutics
Isabel QuesadaClaudia Castro

Abstract

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is in intimate contact with the vessel wall and extravascular PVAT-derived inflammatory mediators may adversely influence atherosclerotic plaque formation and stability through outside-to-inside signaling. We sought to investigate the role of PVAT on the atheroma development in an experimental animal model of metabolic syndrome (MS) associated with oxidative stress and low-grade inflammatory state. We also studied the effect of pioglitazone an insulin sensitizer, on the aortic wall and its surrounding PVAT, considering a bi-directional communication between both layers. Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (ApoE-/- ) were fed with standard diet (CD, control diet) or fructose overload (10% w/v) (FD, fructose diet) for 8 weeks and treated with or without pioglitazone the latest 4 weeks. Biochemical variables show that glycemia and lipid peroxidation determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) significantly increased in FD-fed ApoE-/- mice. FD significantly increased aortic PVAT expression of oxidative stress associated genes: p22phox , Nox1, Nox2, Nox4 and p47phox , and proinflammatory genes: Visfatin, MCP-1, and MMP-9. Pioglitazone diminished PVAT-oxidative damage elicited by fructose...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 25, 2019·Physiological Reviews·Sophie N SaxtonAnthony M Heagerty
May 12, 2020·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Hengjing HuLin Chang
Oct 12, 2018·Cardiovascular Diabetology·Xiao-Yan QiZhi-Sheng Jiang
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Mar 2, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Clarissa Germano BarpJamil Assreuy
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Apr 22, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Paramita PatiJennifer S Pollock
Mar 26, 2019·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Zhongwen QiJunping Zhang

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