Vector-Host Interactions of Culiseta melanura in a Focus of Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Activity in Southeastern Virginia

PloS One
Goudarz MolaeiTheodore G Andreadis

Abstract

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) causes a highly pathogenic mosquito-borne zoonosis that is responsible for sporadic outbreaks of severe illness in humans and equines in the eastern USA. Culiseta (Cs.) melanura is the primary vector of EEEV in most geographic regions but its feeding patterns on specific avian and mammalian hosts are largely unknown in the mid-Atlantic region. The objectives of our study were to: 1) identify avian hosts of Cs. melanura and evaluate their potential role in enzootic amplification of EEEV, 2) assess spatial and temporal patterns of virus activity during a season of intense virus transmission, and 3) investigate the potential role of Cs. melanura in epidemic/epizootic transmission of EEEV to humans and equines. Accordingly, we collected mosquitoes at 55 sites in Suffolk, Virginia in 2013, and identified the source of blood meals in engorged mosquitoes by nucleotide sequencing PCR products of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. We also examined field-collected mosquitoes for evidence of infection with EEEV using Vector Test, cell culture, and PCR. Analysis of 188 engorged Cs. melanura sampled from April through October 2013 indicated that 95.2%, 4.3%, and 0.5% obtained blood meals from avian...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 21, 2018·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Nicole P LindseyMarc Fischer
Mar 13, 2019·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Lea A Heberlein-LarsonSuman R Das
Sep 1, 2016·Parasites & Vectors·John J ShepardGoudarz Molaei
Sep 7, 2017·Journal of Medical Entomology·Erik M BlosserNathan D Burkett-Cadena
Apr 14, 2020·Journal of Medical Entomology·Richard G WestNathan D Burkett-Cadena
Aug 21, 2020·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Samantha E AllenNicole M Nemeth

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissecting
PCR

Software Mentioned

eBird
ChromasPro

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