Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus complex-specific monoclonal antibody provides broad protection, in murine models, against airborne challenge with viruses from serogroups I, II and III

Virus Research
Robert Phillpotts

Abstract

The alphavirus Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is highly infectious by the airborne route. It is a hazard to laboratory workers, has been developed as a biological weapon and is a potential bioterrorist agent. A suitable vaccine appears in an advanced stage of development but there remains a need for antiviral drugs, effective in prophylaxis of disease prior to or a short time after exposure to airborne virus. Using a murine model to study monoclonal antibody (MAB) a VEEV complex-specific, glycoprotein E2-binding MAB was identified, able to protect against disease induced by exposure to aerosolised VEEV from serogroups I, II and IIIA (mouse-virulent strains). There was no synergy in protection between anti-E1 and anti-E2 MAB. Assays of MAB virus neutralising activity in a homologous (mouse fibroblast) cell line suggested that neutralisation played a significant role in protection in addition to the previously reported mechanism of Fc receptor-binding [Mathews et al., 1985. J. Virol. 55, 594-600]. Development of an analogous human MAB with identical VEEV epitope specificity may be informed and monitored by reference to these properties.

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Citations

Sep 24, 2013·BioMed Research International·Giuseppe SauttoRoberto Burioni
Mar 21, 2013·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Sun EnChengWu DongLai
Nov 23, 2007·Antiviral Research·Michael R Holbrook, Brian B Gowen
May 12, 2007·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Anuj SharmaRadha K Maheshwari
Feb 13, 2014·MAbs·Birgit HülsewehMichael Hust
May 11, 2010·Expert Review of Vaccines·E Diane WilliamsonRobert Kohberger
Sep 24, 2019·Antibodies·Jinny L LiuGeorge P Anderson

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