Venoms of Heteropteran Insects: A Treasure Trove of Diverse Pharmacological Toolkits

Toxins
Andrew A WalkerGlenn F King

Abstract

The piercing-sucking mouthparts of the true bugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera) have allowed diversification from a plant-feeding ancestor into a wide range of trophic strategies that include predation and blood-feeding. Crucial to the success of each of these strategies is the injection of venom. Here we review the current state of knowledge with regard to heteropteran venoms. Predaceous species produce venoms that induce rapid paralysis and liquefaction. These venoms are powerfully insecticidal, and may cause paralysis or death when injected into vertebrates. Disulfide-rich peptides, bioactive phospholipids, small molecules such as N,N-dimethylaniline and 1,2,5-trithiepane, and toxic enzymes such as phospholipase A2, have been reported in predatory venoms. However, the detailed composition and molecular targets of predatory venoms are largely unknown. In contrast, recent research into blood-feeding heteropterans has revealed the structure and function of many protein and non-protein components that facilitate acquisition of blood meals. Blood-feeding venoms lack paralytic or liquefying activity but instead are cocktails of pharmacological modulators that disable the host haemostatic systems simultaneously at multiple point...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 11, 2018·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Andrew A WalkerGlenn F King
Oct 4, 2016·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Eric Robert Lucien GordonChristiane Weirauch
Jul 31, 2019·International Clinical Psychopharmacology·Siu W TangBrian E Leonard
May 15, 2018·Veterinary Sciences·Ronel PienaarBen J Mans
Oct 3, 2020·Ecology and Evolution·Maike L FischerHeiko Vogel
Aug 7, 2020·Biochemical Society Transactions·Andrew A Walker
Feb 24, 2018·Nature Communications·Andrew A WalkerGlenn F King
Nov 14, 2019·Toxins·Juan Carlos Valenzuela-RojasLuis Fernando García
Dec 23, 2020·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution·Rewaida Abdel-GaberSaeed El-Ashram
Feb 6, 2021·Tissue & Cell·Paulo Eduardo Gomes Rodrigues CarvalhoJosé Eduardo Serrão

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

DALI

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