Ventilatory and metabolic effects of exogenous hydrogen sulfide

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
Philippe Haouzi

Abstract

Acute H(2)S intoxication produces an increase in ventilation followed by a fatal central apnea. The sites of mediation of H(2)S induced hyperpnea and apnea have been investigated since the early 20th century in various animal models. Hyperpnea is mediated by the arterial chemoreceptors, an effect that can be reproduced by injecting a solution of H(2)S at very high concentrations (high millimolar range), while the fatal apnea, which typically occurs above 1000 ppm in humans, appears to result from the cessation of the activity of the medullary respiratory neurons. More recently, moderate levels of exogenous H(2)S (20-80 ppm) have been shown to reduce, within minutes, the metabolic rate, akin to hypoxia-induced hypometabolism. This response appears to be specific to small sized mammals. The pathway through which low levels of inhaled H(2)S could exert such a powerful effect may be very relevant to the physiological mechanisms controlling non-ATP "metabolic" production. Finally, endogenous H(2)S, produced from cysteine, has been proposed to transduce the effects of hypoxia in the carotid bodies. H(2)S remains a mysterious gas: it is labile, difficult/impossible to properly measure in vivo, its oxidation can take place in most tiss...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 29, 2014·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Philippe HaouziBruno Chenuel
Jan 27, 2015·Cardiovascular Toxicology·Takashi Sonobe, Philippe Haouzi
Mar 8, 2016·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Philippe HaouziAnnick Judenherc-Haouzi
Aug 1, 2012·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Prem Kumar, Chris Peers
May 8, 2014·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Kenneth R Olson
Aug 2, 2013·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Candice M KlingermanPhilippe Haouzi
May 7, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Philippe HaouziJoseph Y Cheung

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