Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus neuronal subset regulates blood glucose independently of insulin.

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
Jonathan FlakMartin G Myers

Abstract

To identify neurons that specifically increase blood glucose from among the diversely functioning cell types in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN), we studied the cholecystokinin receptor B-expressing (CCKBR-expressing) VMN targets of glucose-elevating parabrachial nucleus neurons. Activation of these VMNCCKBR neurons increased blood glucose. Furthermore, although silencing the broader VMN decreased energy expenditure and promoted weight gain without altering blood glucose levels, silencing VMNCCKBR neurons decreased hIepatic glucose production, insulin-independently decreasing blood glucose without altering energy balance. Silencing VMNCCKBR neurons also impaired the counterregulatory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and glucoprivation and replicated hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure. Hence, VMNCCKBR cells represent a specialized subset of VMN cells that function to elevate glucose. These cells not only mediate the allostatic response to hypoglycemia but also modulate the homeostatic setpoint for blood glucose in an insulin-independent manner, consistent with a role for the brain in the insulin-independent control of glucose homeostasis.

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Citations

Oct 13, 2020·Diabetologia·Kimberly M AlongeMichael W Schwartz
Jan 19, 2021·Endocrinology·Nadejda Bozadjieva-KramerJonathan N Flak
Nov 19, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Soledad Pitra, Bret N Smith
Apr 9, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Amy K SuttonDavid P Olson
Jun 24, 2021·Nature Metabolism·Martin G MyersMichael W Schwartz
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Anna FoschRosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez
Jul 16, 2021·Endocrinology·Tansi Khodai, Simon M Luckman
Jul 21, 2021·JCI Insight·Maria Caterina De RosaClaudia A Doege

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
affinity purification
Transgenic
PCR
Illumina Sequencing
ELISA

Software Mentioned

Adobe Photoshop Illustrator
FastQC
Fiji
FASTX ToolKit
GraphPad
Adobe Photoshop
Ensembl
XCalibur
GraphPad Prism
Nikon Elements

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