Vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands for the removal of petroleum contaminants from secondary refinery effluent at the Kaduna refining plant (Kaduna, Nigeria)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
Hassana Ibrahim MustaphaP N L Lens

Abstract

Typha latifolia-planted vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSSF CWs) and an unplanted microcosm constructed wetland were used for treating secondary refinery wastewater from the Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC, Nigeria). Cow dung was applied to the planted wetlands at the start of the experiment and after 3 months to enhance plant growth and petroleum degradation. The T. latifolia-planted VSSF CWs removed 45-99% total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), 99-100% phenol, 70-80% oil and grease, 45-91% chemical oxygen demand (COD), and 46-88% total suspended solids (TSSs). The performance of the unplanted control VSSF CW achieved lower removal efficiencies (15-58% TPH, 86-91% phenol, 16-44% oil and grease, 24-66% COD, and 20-55% TSS). T. latifolia plants had a bioaccumulation factor (BAF) > 1 for phenol, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphate (TP), suggesting a high removal performance for these contaminants and good translocation ability (TF) for TPH, phenol, oil and grease, and TN, with the exception of TP which was mainly retained in their roots (BAF = 47). This study showed T. latifolia is a good candidate plant to be used in VSSF CWs for polishing secondary refinery wastewater in developing countries.

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Citations

Sep 19, 2019·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Umesh GhimireVeera Gnaneswar Gude
Jun 28, 2019·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·Xinchao WeiFrederick Andrew Wolfe
Dec 14, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Ricksy PrematuriKeitaro Tawaraya

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