Viewpoint: Isotopic fractionation by plant nitrate reductase, twenty years later

Functional Plant Biology : FPB
Guillaume Tcherkez, Graham D Farquhar

Abstract

Plant nitrate reductase, the enzyme that reduces nitrate (NO3-) to nitrite (NO2-), is known to fractionate N isotopes, depleting nitrite in 15N compared with substrate nitrate. Nearly 20 years ago, the nitrogen isotope effect associated with this reaction was found to be around 1.015. However, the relationships between the isotope effect and the mechanism of the reaction have not yet been examined in the light of recent advances regarding the catalytic cycle and enzyme structure. We thus give here the mathematical bases of the 14N / 15N and also the 16O / 18O isotope effects as a function of reaction rates. Enzymatic nitrate reduction involves steps other than NO3- reduction itself, in which the oxidation number of N changes from +V (nitrate) to +III (nitrite). Using some approximations, we give numerical estimates of the intrinsic N and O isotope effects and this leads us to challenge the assumptions of nitrate reduction itself as being a rate-limiting step within the nitrate reductase reaction, and of the formation of a bridging oxygen as a reaction intermediate.

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May 1, 2005·Functional Plant Biology : FPB·Guillaume Tcherkez, Graham D Farquhar

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Citations

Feb 11, 2020·The New Phytologist·Jing CuiGuillaume Tcherkez
Jun 20, 2012·Plant, Cell & Environment·Paul P G GauthierGuillaume Tcherkez
Mar 16, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Xue-Yan LiuCong-Qiang Liu
Dec 1, 2007·Functional Plant Biology : FPB·Guillaume Tcherkez, Graham D Farquhar
Jul 10, 2007·Plant, Cell & Environment·Guillaume TcherkezHoward Griffiths
Apr 22, 2015·Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies·Hanns-Ludwig SchmidtRoland A Werner
Nov 6, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Benjamin BrunnerMarcel M M Kuypers
Jun 8, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Alex C C WilsonKatherine B Hurley
Jan 7, 2020·Functional Plant Biology : FPB·André G DuarteDanielle A Way
Oct 12, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·Xue-Yan LiuMuneoki Yoh
Apr 27, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·Kristen L KarshDaniel M Sigman

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