Viremia levels in hepatitis C infection among Egyptian blood donors and implications for transmission risk with different screening scenarios

Transfusion
Magdy El EkiabyNico Lelie

Abstract

Knowledge about the viral load (VL) distributions in different stages of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is essential to compare the efficacy of serologic screening and nucleic acid testing (NAT) in preventing transfusion transmission risk. We studied HCV-RNA levels in Egyptian blood donors in the preseroconversion window period (WP) and in later anti-HCV-positive stages of infection. Subsets of individual-donation (ID)-NAT and anti-HCV-yield samples from a screening study among 119,756 donors were tested for VL by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Low viremia levels below the quantification limit of qPCR were determined by probit analysis using the proportion of reactive results on replicate NATs. Poisson distribution statistics were used to estimate transmission risk in different stages of HCV infection based on 50% minimum infectious doses (MID50 ) of 3.2 (1-10) and 316 (100-1000) virions in the absence and presence of anti-HCV, respectively. Rates of total HCV infections and WP-NAT-yield donations in two Egyptian blood centers varied between 2.6% to 4.5% and 1:3100 to 1:9500, respectively. VLs ranged from 82 to 3 × 10(7) copies/mL in WP and from fewer than 1600 to 1.6 × 10(6) copies/mL in anti-HCV-positive ca...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 14, 2016·Haemophilia : the Official Journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·A RiddellS C Nair
Jan 31, 2021·Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Société française de transfusion sanguine·D CandottiS Laperche
May 11, 2021·Virusdisease·Soad S MandohFotouh R Mansour

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