Virological, intracellular and plasma pharmacological parameters predicting response to lopinavir/ritonavir (KALEPHAR study)

AIDS
Dominique BreilhJean-Luc Pellegrin

Abstract

To assess the impact of HIV-1 protease mutations and intracellular and plasma lopinavir minimum concentrations (Cmin) on virological success or failure on lopinavir/ritonavir-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). HIV-1-infected HAART-experienced patients included in an observational study, received lopinavir/ritonavir (400/100 mg twice a day) plus two to three nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) or one NRTI plus one non-NRTI. A viral load less than 50 copies/ml at month 6 defined virological success. Intracellular and plasma lopinavir concentrations were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography with mass-spectrometry detection. Reverse transcriptase and protease genes were sequenced at baseline and the time of virological failure. When the 38 patients started the lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen, baseline median (25-75th percentile) values were: CD4 cell count 218 cells/microl (133-477); plasma HIV-1-RNA load 5.3 log10 copies/ml (3.8-5.1); number of lopinavir mutations four per protease gene (two to six). Univariate analysis associated virological success or failure at month 6 (21/38 patients) with the number of baseline lopinavir mutations, intracellular and plasma lopinavir Cmin, an...Continue Reading

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