Virtual pathology of cervical radiculopathy based on 3D MR/CT fusion images: impingement, flattening or twisted condition of the compressed nerve root in three cases

SpringerPlus
Junji KamogawaTaizo Hato

Abstract

There have been several imaging studies of cervical radiculopathy, but no three-dimensional (3D) images have shown the path, position, and pathological changes of the cervical nerve roots and spinal root ganglion relative to the cervical bony structure. The objective of this study was to introduce a technique that enables the virtual pathology of the nerve root to be assessed using 3D magnetic resonance (MR)/computed tomography (CT) fusion images that show the compression of the proximal portion of the cervical nerve root by both the herniated disc and the preforaminal or foraminal bony spur in patients with cervical radiculopathy. MR and CT images were obtained from three patients with cervical radiculopathy. 3D MR images were placed onto 3D CT images using a computer workstation. The entire nerve root could be visualized in 3D with or without the vertebrae. The most important characteristic evident on the images was flattening of the nerve root by a bony spur. The affected root was constricted at a pre-ganglion site. In cases of severe deformity, the flattened portion of the root seemed to change the angle of its path, resulting in twisted condition. The 3D MR/CT fusion imaging technique enhances visualization of pathoanatomy...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1987·Spine·D R GoreM P Murray
Jan 1, 1973·Clinical Neurosurgery·F MurpheyB Brunson
Jul 1, 1993·Journal of Neurosurgery·O W HouserD A Kallman
Oct 27, 1998·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·J LuR A Yeasting
Aug 6, 2003·Surgical Neurology·Andreas JödickeDieter Karsten Böker
Jan 22, 1955·Lancet·A J CAVEM M WHITELEY
Dec 28, 1963·British Medical Journal·F LEES, J W TURNER
Nov 16, 2004·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Francis H ShenHoward S An
Jul 29, 2005·The New England Journal of Medicine·Simon Carette, Michael G Fehlings
Dec 14, 2007·Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine·Erdinc CivelekTufan Cansever
Jul 31, 2009·The New England Journal of Medicine·Tomohiro YamashitaTaro Takahara
Feb 2, 2010·Skeletal Radiology·Yuki YamanakaHaruyasu Yamamoto
Dec 21, 2010·The Spine Journal : Official Journal of the North American Spine Society·Christopher M BonoUNKNOWN North American Spine Society
Mar 25, 2011·Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society·Kyoung-Tae Kim, Young-Baeg Kim
May 4, 2011·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Neng-Wei HuMichael J Rowan
Apr 26, 2012·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Erik J ThoomesArianne P Verhagen
Jan 24, 2014·Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists·Jeffrey Hartman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 30, 2017·Neurosurgery·Samuel C OverleyPaul M Arnold
Jul 4, 2021·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Katsuhisa YamadaNorimasa Iwasaki

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
imaging technique

Software Mentioned

Synapse Vincent® workstation
Synapse Vincent®

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.