Virus and tumor microenvironment induced ER stress and unfolded protein response: from complexity to therapeutics

Oncotarget
Kumari Asha, Neelam Sharma-Walia

Abstract

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can be activated by various pathological and physiological conditions including the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore homeostasis. The UPR signaling pathways initiated by double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) like ER kinase (PERK), inositol requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) are vital for tumor growth, aggressiveness, microenvironment remodeling, and resistance to cancer therapeutics. This review focuses on the role of ER stress and activity of UPR signaling pathways involved in tumor formation and uncontrolled cell proliferation during various cancers and viral malignancies.

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Citations

Apr 4, 2021·Life·Srikanth Elesela, Nicholas W Lukacs
Mar 19, 2021·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Michael BaslerMarcus Groettrup
Apr 6, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Kumari Asha, Neelam Sharma-Walia
Nov 13, 2020·The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery·Ionária O AssisAlexandre R Vieira
Sep 3, 2020·Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·Amanda L HuffRichard Vile

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GM-CSF

Methods Mentioned

BETA
protein folding
nuclear translocation
xenograft

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