Virus-specific antibody production and polyclonal B-cell activation in the intestinal mucosa of HIV-infected individuals

AIDS
K ErikssonC Czerkinsky

Abstract

To examine possible changes in mucosal B-cell activation status. To examine the frequency and isotype distribution of total and HIV-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC) in the intestinal mucosa of HIV-infected individuals. Mucosal lymphocytes were obtained by enzymatic treatment of duodenal pinch biopsies and the numbers of ASC were assayed with the enzyme-linked immunospot technique. High numbers of HIV-specific ASC were found in the intestine of all HIV-infected individuals despite low levels of HIV-specific blood ASC. All HIV-infected individuals had large numbers of intestinal immunoglobulin (Ig) A-ASC against the HIV envelope glycoprotein gp160. Eight out of nine patients also had HIV gp160-specific intestinal IgG-ASC. These HIV-specific ASC were detected irrespective of disease stage, route of infection, or levels of circulating CD4+ T cells. HIV-specific ASC were found in peripheral blood from patients with CD4+ T cells > or = 100 x 10(6)/l blood, but in none of three patients with low CD4+ T-cell counts. The frequencies of virus-specific ASC in the blood were on average 100-fold lower than that observed within the intestinal mucosa. Mucosal polyclonal B-cell activation was evident in HIV-infected individuals, as docu...Continue Reading

Citations

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