Visible-Light-Driven Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes to Anilines in Water through Graphitic Carbon Nitride Metal-Free Photocatalysis

Chemistry, an Asian Journal
Gang XiaoHaijia Su

Abstract

Green and efficient procedures are essential for the chemoselective hydrogenation of functionalized nitroarenes to form industrially important anilines. Herein, it is shown that visible-light-driven, chemoselective hydrogenation of functionalized nitroarenes with groups sensitive to forming anilines can be achieved in good to excellent yields (82-100 %) in water under relatively mild conditions and catalyzed by low-cost and recyclable graphitic carbon nitride. The process is also applicable to gram-scale reaction, with a yield of aniline of 86 %. A study of the mechanism reveals that visible-light-induced electrons are responsible for the hydrogenation reactions, and thermal energy can also promote the photocatalytic activity. A study of the kinetics shows that this reaction possibly occurs through one-step hydrogenation or stepwise condensation routes. A wide range of applications can be expected for this green, efficient, and highly selective photocatalysis system in reduction reactions for the synthesis of fine chemicals.

References

Nov 11, 2008·Nature Materials·Xinchen WangMarkus Antonietti
Nov 4, 2010·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Fangzheng SuXinchen Wang
Jan 13, 2011·Angewandte Chemie·Fangzheng SuSiegfried Blechert
Nov 30, 2013·Science·Rajenahally V JagadeeshMatthias Beller
Aug 20, 2014·Journal of the American Chemical Society·David James MartinJunwang Tang
Sep 19, 2014·Environmental Science & Technology·Hua WangXie Quan
Jul 25, 2017·Nature Nanotechnology·Umar AslamSuljo Linic

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