Visual regulation of refractive development: insights from animal studies

Eye
Earl L SmithBaskar Arumugam

Abstract

Investigations employing animal models have demonstrated that ocular growth and refractive development are regulated by visual feedback. In particular, lens compensation experiments in which treatment lenses are used to manipulate the eye's effective refractive state have shown that emmetropization is actively regulated by signals produced by optical defocus. These observations in animals are significant because they indicate that it should be possible to use optical treatment strategies to influence refractive development in children, specifically to slow the rate of myopia progression. This review highlights some of the optical performance properties of the vision-dependent mechanisms that regulate refractive error development, especially those that are likely to influence the efficacy of optical treatment strategies for myopia. In this respect, the results from animal studies have been very consistent across species; however, to facilitate extrapolation to clinical settings, results are presented primarily for nonhuman primates. In agreement with preliminary clinical trials, the experimental data show that imposed myopic defocus can slow ocular growth and that treatment strategies that influence visual signals over a large a...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1988·Vision Research·F SchaeffelH C Howland
Jul 3, 1987·Science·J WallmanL A Fugate-Wentzek
Dec 1, 1966·Vision Research·J K Lauber, J McGinnis
Dec 1, 1996·Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology·R H Kröger, H J Wagner
Jan 20, 1999·Vision Research·J T Siegwart, T T Norton
Jun 22, 1999·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·A W ShaikhT T Norton
Jul 23, 1999·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·E L SmithR G Boothe
Oct 9, 2002·Vision Research·Anne Seidemann, Frank Schaeffel
Dec 10, 2002·Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision·Anne SeidemannPablo Artal
Oct 1, 1961·American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry·F A YOUNG
Feb 1, 1962·American Journal of Optometry and Archives of American Academy of Optometry·F A YOUNG
Nov 1, 1961·American Journal of Ophthalmology·F A YOUNG
Sep 1, 1964·Experimental Eye Research·F A YOUNG
May 27, 2004·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Chea-Su KeeEarl L Smith
Aug 18, 2004·Neuron·Josh Wallman, Jonathan Winawer
Sep 29, 2004·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Xingwu ZhongEarl L Smith
Mar 29, 2005·Vision Research·Jonathan WinawerJosh Wallman
Aug 23, 2005·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·J R Phillips
Oct 27, 2005·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Earl L SmithLi-Fang Hung
Feb 28, 2007·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Chea-Su KeeEarl L Smith
Apr 10, 2007·Vision Research·Ying Qiao-GriderEarl L Smith
Aug 29, 2007·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Earl L SmithEvelyn Paysse
Feb 26, 2008·Ophthalmology·Kathryn A RosePaul Mitchell
Nov 11, 2008·Vision Research·Marcus H C Howlett, Sally A McFadden
May 8, 2009·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Juan HuangEarl L Smith
Jun 6, 2009·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Earl L SmithKurt H Bockhorst
Jun 12, 2009·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Regan AshbyFrank Schaeffel
Mar 12, 2010·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Earl L SmithKurt H Bockhorst
May 7, 2010·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Regan S Ashby, Frank Schaeffel
Sep 24, 2010·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Yue Liu, Christine Wildsoet
Mar 18, 2011·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·W Neil Charman
Jun 7, 2011·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Henry Ho-Lung Chan
Jul 13, 2011·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Earl L Smith
Aug 3, 2011·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Qiao FanSeang-Mei Saw
Sep 14, 2011·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Dennis Y Tse, Chi-ho To
Dec 16, 2011·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Earl L SmithJuan Huang
Mar 20, 2012·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Jay ChhablaniWilliam R Freeman
Apr 12, 2012·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Jeremy A GuggenheimCathy Williams
Jun 21, 2012·Journal of Vision·Frances J Rucker, Josh Wallman

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 15, 2014·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Zhen-Ying ChengXu-Guang Han
Jan 29, 2016·Computers in Biology and Medicine·George K HungFaisal Mohammad
Feb 15, 2016·Ophthalmology·Brien A HoldenSerge Resnikoff
Feb 24, 2016·Journal of Ophthalmology·Yangshun GuBo Jiang
Jun 3, 2015·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Si Yuan LiMichel Millodot
May 1, 2016·Ophthalmology·Daniel L AdamsJonathan C Horton
Aug 23, 2016·Acta Ophthalmologica·Jost B JonasSonghomitra Panda-Jonas
Sep 28, 2016·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·Ronald M HansenAnne B Fulton
Apr 14, 2017·Vision Research·Earl L SmithRonald S Harwerth
Dec 30, 2017·International Ophthalmology·Mehmethan DoganPelin Yilmazbas
Sep 5, 2018·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Timothy J GawneThomas T Norton
Mar 1, 2019·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Kate L GiffordPadmaja Sankaridurg
Mar 1, 2019·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·David TroiloLyndon Jones
Apr 6, 2019·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Hosein Hoseini-YazdiScott A Read
Sep 17, 2019·Annual Review of Vision Science·Elise N Harb, Christine F Wildsoet
Oct 30, 2018·Journal of Vision·Fuensanta A Vera-DiazAnna Kosovicheva
Nov 20, 2019·Clinical & Experimental Optometry : Journal of the Australian Optometrical Association·Ranjay ChakrabortyPavan Kumar Verkicharla
Feb 8, 2020·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Petros PapadogiannisLinda Lundström
Sep 4, 2019·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Niamh BurkeJames Loughman
Jul 26, 2019·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Paul ChamberlainGraeme Young
Oct 27, 2016·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Michael D TwaDavid A Berntsen
Jun 16, 2016·Veterinary Ophthalmology·Marina L LeisBruce H Grahn
May 26, 2017·Clinical Science·Erping LongYizhi Liu
Mar 7, 2019·Scientific Reports·Hosein Hoseini-YazdiDavid Alonso-Caneiro
Oct 31, 2020·European Journal of Ophthalmology·Jorge L Alió Del BarrioJorge L Alió
Mar 13, 2021·Experimental Eye Research·Thomas T NortonTimothy J Gawne
May 24, 2020·Vision Research·Timothy J Gawne, Thomas T Norton
Apr 29, 2021·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Nicola S LoganJames S Wolffsohn
Aug 13, 2021·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Safal KhanalTimothy J Gawne
Aug 17, 2021·Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry·Lea A HairDavid A Berntsen
Nov 18, 2021·Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology·Satish Kumar GuptaPavan Kumar Verkicharla

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
Earl L Smith
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
J RabinR Malach
Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
E L SmithR G Boothe
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved