Visualizing the translation and packaging of HIV-1 full-length RNA

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Jianbo ChenWei-Shau Hu

Abstract

HIV-1 full-length RNA (HIV-1 RNA) plays a central role in viral replication, serving as a template for Gag/Gag-Pol translation and as a genome for the progeny virion. To gain a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of HIV-1 replication, we adapted a recently described system to visualize and track translation from individual HIV-1 RNA molecules in living cells. We found that, on average, half of the cytoplasmic HIV-1 RNAs are being actively translated at a given time. Furthermore, translating and nontranslating RNAs are well mixed in the cytoplasm; thus, Gag biogenesis occurs throughout the cytoplasm without being constrained to particular subcellular locations. Gag is an RNA binding protein that selects and packages HIV-1 RNA during virus assembly. A long-standing question in HIV-1 gene expression is whether Gag modulates HIV-1 RNA translation. We observed that despite its RNA-binding ability, Gag expression does not alter the proportion of translating HIV-1 RNA. Using single-molecule tracking, we found that both translating and nontranslating RNAs exhibit dynamic cytoplasmic movement and can reach the plasma membrane, the major HIV-1 assembly site. However, Gag selectively packages nontranslating RNA into the asse...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 22, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Pavitra RamdasAjit Chande
May 26, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Gene Regulatory Mechanisms·Aldo BarreraMarcelo López-Lastra
Jul 9, 2020·Cell Chemical Biology·Esther BraselmannAmy E Palmer
Sep 9, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Pengfei DingMichael F Summers
Sep 30, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Judith G Levin, Alan Rein

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