Vitamin A and risk of HIV-1 seroconversion among Kenyan men with genital ulcers

AIDS
K S MacDonaldF A Plummer

Abstract

Vitamin A is involved in normal immune function and the maintenance of mucosal integrity through complex effects on cellular differentiation. We sought to determine whether serum vitamin A levels were associated with altered susceptibility to primary infection with HIV-1 in men with high-risk sexual behaviour and genital ulcers who presented for treatment at an STD clinic in Nairobi, Kenya. HIV-1 seronegative men were prospectively followed. Vitamin A levels at study entry were compared among 38 men who HIV-1 seroconverted versus 94 controls who remained HIV seronegative. Vitamin A deficiency (retinol less than 20 microg/dl) was very common and was present in 50% of HIV-1 seroconverters versus 76% of persistent seronegatives. Seroconversion was independently associated with a retinol level greater than 20 microg/dl (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.25-4.70, P = 0.009), and a genital ulcer aetiology caused by Haemophilus ducreyi (HR 3.49, 95% CI 1.03-11.67, P = 0.04). Circumcision was independently associated with protection (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23-0.93, P = 0.03). Vitamin A deficiency was not associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 infection among men with concurrent STD. A decreased risk of HIV-1 seroconversion was independently associated ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

May 19, 2011·World Journal of Urology·John N Krieger
Oct 24, 2009·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Lisa Eaton, Seth C Kalichman
Mar 16, 2005·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·N SiegfriedP Williamson
Feb 27, 2004·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Wafaie FawziDeborah Anderson
Apr 21, 2004·Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey·Mark C Alanis, Richard S Lucidi
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Aug 27, 2010·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Eduardo VillamorWafaie W Fawzi
Sep 19, 2008·AIDS and Behavior·Jayne Byakika-Tusiime
Feb 16, 2007·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Wanjiku MathengeClare Gilbert
Jul 7, 2012·Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology·Andrew L Thorne-Lyman, Wafaie W Fawzi
Apr 17, 2009·AIDS and Behavior·Nicoli Nattrass
May 31, 2002·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Michele L Dreyfuss, Wafaie W Fawzi
Feb 8, 2002·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Laurent BélecGérard Grésenguet
Mar 30, 2005·The Journal of Nutrition·Wafaie FawziDavid J Hunter
Jun 8, 2018·Mucosal Immunology·Fatima NawazJames Arthos

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