Vitamin D in Prostate Cancer

Vitamins and Hormones
Jungmi AhnBandana Chatterjee

Abstract

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is a progressive, noncurable disease induced by androgen receptor (AR) upon its activation by tumor tissue androgen, which is generated from adrenal steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) through intracrine androgen biosynthesis. Inhibition of mCRPC and early-stage, androgen-dependent prostate cancer by calcitriol, the bioactive vitamin D3 metabolite, is amply documented in cell culture and animal studies. However, clinical trials of calcitriol or synthetic analogs are inconclusive, although encouraging results have recently emerged from pilot studies showing efficacy of a safe-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in reducing tumor tissue inflammation and progression of low-grade prostate cancer. Vitamin D-mediated inhibition of normal and malignant prostate cells is caused by diverse mechanisms including G1/S cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, prodifferentiation gene expression changes, and suppressed angiogenesis and cell migration. Biological effects of vitamin D are mediated by altered expression of a gene network regulated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is a multidomain, ligand-inducible transcription factor similar to AR and other nuclear receptors. AR-VDR cross talk mo...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 3, 2016·Frontiers in Physiology·Abhishek Aggarwal, Enikö Kállay
Dec 4, 2016·The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Borja Bandera MerchanManuel Macías-González
Oct 19, 2017·Endocrine-related Cancer·Zhu WangFranky L Chan
May 17, 2018·Journal of Molecular Endocrinology·Paul A Foster, Jonathan Wolf Mueller
Feb 15, 2021·The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Mitzi García-OlivaresDavid Barrera

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