Vitamin D in Tear Fluid

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
Xiaowen LuMitchell A Watsky

Abstract

To determine the source(s) of vitamin D in tear fluid and examine the expression of the endocytic proteins and putative vitamin D transporters megalin and cubilin in lacrimal and Harderian glands. Wild-type, heterozygous, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) knockout C57BL/6 mice were used, with a subset of knockout mice fed a replenishment diet for some studies. Mouse lacrimal and Harderian glands from each group were used to measure megalin and cubilin by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. New Zealand white rabbits were used to collect lacrimal and accessory gland fluid for vitamin D mass spectroscopy measurements. Ten-week-old knockout mice were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller than wild-type mice. Real-time PCR and Western blot showed decreased expression of megalin and cubilin in select VDR knockout mouse groups. Immunohistochemistry showed apical duct cell megalin staining and weaker megalin staining in VDR knockout mice compared with controls. Vitamin D2 was more prevalent in rabbit lacrimal and accessory gland fluid than vitamin D3, and greater amounts of Vitamin D2 were found in in tear fluid obtained directly from lacrimal and accessory glands as compared with plasma concentrations. This is the first study to dem...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 20, 2018·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Nasim JamaliNader Sheibani
Sep 7, 2017·Seminars in Ophthalmology·Muhammed KizilgulErman Cakal
Jan 23, 2019·Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis·Yu Tsun LaiFernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
Oct 9, 2018·Current Medicinal Chemistry·Renata Kozyraki, Olivier Cases
Jan 8, 2020·BMC Ophthalmology·Min-Chul ChoSeong-Jae Kim
Jul 2, 2020·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·Brandon HuynhAndrew White
Jan 13, 2021·Journal of Investigative Medicine : the Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·Laura D CarboneMitchell Watsky
Apr 10, 2021·Journal of Psychiatric Research·Kristína KrajčíkováVladimíra Tomečková

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