Vitamin D levels and bone turnover in epilepsy patients taking carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine

Epilepsia
Scott MintzerAnthony DeSantis

Abstract

Evidence suggests that enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may decrease serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels and increase bone turnover. We sought to determine whether these are affected by treatment with carbamazepine (CBZ) or oxcarbazepine (OXC). We measured serum levels of 25-OHD, parathyroid hormone (PTH), osteocalcin (OCLN), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and urinary N-telopeptides of type I collagen cross-links (NTX) in normal controls (n=24) and in epilepsy patients taking CBZ (n=21) or OXC (n=24) in monotherapy. CBZ patients were subsequently switched overnight to OXC monotherapy, and after 6 weeks, the tests were repeated. 25-OHD levels were lower in each drug-treated group (OXC, 19.4+/-2.3 pg/ml; CBZ, 20.4+/-2.4) than in the controls (27.5+/-2.8) (ANOVA, p=0.052). This difference was significant for the OXC group (p<0.05). PTH, BAP, and NTX did not differ significantly among groups. OCLN levels were somewhat elevated in the OXC group (2.79+/-0.47 ng/ml) and more clearly and significantly elevated in the CBZ group (3.63+/-0.36) compared with controls (2.38+/- 0.41) (p=0.053). Because the data were very similar between OXC and CBZ groups, they were combined to increase statistical power. The combined drug-...Continue Reading

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