Vitamins and nutritional supplements in older persons: How to diagnose and when to substitute?

Der Internist
D Polivka, C A F von Arnim

Abstract

Despite an excellent food supply in Germany, a large percentage of older persons living at home or institutionalized older persons suffer from or are at risk for malnutrition. The purpose of this article is to highlight the association between nutrient deficiencies and age-related diseases and give rational recommendations for substitution. Both malnutrition and low levels of specific nutrients are associated with cognitive and functional impairment, dementia, and depression in older persons. Most prevalent are deficiencies in vitamin B1, vitamin B12, and vitamin D. Serum levels are often misleading and show false negative results in vitamin B1 and B12 deficiencies; therefore, determination of erythrocyte transketolase activity (ETKA) and the thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) effect for vitamin B1 and of methylmalonic acid and holotranscobalamine for vitamin B12 is recommended. Prophylactic supplementation with vitamins is not supported by prospective trials; however, positive data from observational studies support a Mediterranean diet combined with intake of vitamins, antioxidants, and unsaturated fatty acids. Older persons should be regularly screened for malnutrition and the threshold for determination of vitamin B1, B12, and vi...Continue Reading

References

Apr 20, 2006·Annals of Neurology·Nikolaos ScarmeasJose A Luchsinger
Jun 24, 2008·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Fernando Gómez-Pinilla
Feb 5, 2010·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Philip ScheltensAlexander Kurz
Apr 13, 2010·Nutrition·Christine A F von ArnimHans K Biesalski
Jun 20, 2012·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Christine A F von ArnimUNKNOWN ActiFE Ulm Study Group
Jul 7, 2012·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Philip ScheltensPatrick J G H Kamphuis
Feb 26, 2013·The New England Journal of Medicine·Ramón EstruchUNKNOWN PREDIMED Study Investigators
Jun 13, 2013·Clinical Nutrition : Official Journal of the European Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Marian A E van Bokhorst-de van der SchuerenMajon Muller
Jul 31, 2013·European Journal of Nutrition·Ane Otaegui-ArrazolaPablo Martínez-Lage
Oct 23, 2013·Alzheimer's & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer's Association·Sofia Lopes da SilvaTheo Stijnen
Nov 15, 2013·Nutrients·Breanna S OberlinHeather E Rasmussen
May 16, 2014·Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics·Marie Fanelli KuczmarskiEmily Stave
May 16, 2014·Advances in Nutrition·Emilio RosDolores Corella
Nov 14, 2014·Neurology·Nikita L van der ZwaluwLisette C P G M de Groot
Jan 15, 2015·Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie·A H Leischker, G F Kolb
Jan 16, 2015·Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD·Ruth RemingtonThomas B Shea
Mar 17, 2015·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Yong HuoUNKNOWN CSPPT Investigators
May 3, 2015·Neurology·Susanna C LarssonAlicja Wolk
May 6, 2015·Ageing Research Reviews·João Ricardo AraújoElisa Keating
May 8, 2015·Neurology·Andrew SmythUNKNOWN ONTARGET and TRANSCEND Investigators
May 12, 2015·JAMA Internal Medicine·Cinta Valls-PedretEmilio Ros

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 18, 2018·Nutritional Neuroscience·Sandra P ArévaloKatherine L Tucker

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
John E Morley
Duodecim; lääketieteellinen aikakauskirja
Jussi SeppäläHannu Koponen
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
José A LuchsingerNikolaos Scarmeas
Journal of Neural Transmission
V SolfrizziA Capurso
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved