Volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen

Journal of Applied Physiology
A CabanacArnoldus S Blix

Abstract

Volume changes in the spleens of hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) and harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) were measured plethysmographically in vitro in response to epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoprenaline, phentolamine, and acetylcholine. Dilated spleens contracted forcefully within 1-3 min of alpha-adrenoceptor activation with 1.0-5.0 micrograms epinephrine/kg body mass, whereas stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors and cholinergic receptors had little effect. The mass of dilated hooded seal spleens corresponded to 2-4% (n = 7) of body mass, with volume (V; ml) relating to body mass (M; kg) as follows: V = 12.0M + 910 (r2 = 0.96, n = 4). Thus the spleen of a 250-kg hooded seal maximally expels 3.9 liters, or 13%, of its estimated total blood volume. Average hematocrit in splenic venous outflow from dilated spleens was 90 +/- 3% (n = 3) in hooded seals and 85% (n = 2) in harp seals. From these data we have estimated that the aerobic diving limit of a 250-kg hooded seal increases only 105 s, at the most, if complete emptying of the spleen occurs during diving, while the corresponding estimate for a 112-kg harp seal is 80 s.

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Citations

Dec 17, 2002·Journal of Applied Physiology·Ian B StewartDonald C McKenzie
Jun 20, 2007·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·J M BurnsA S Blix
Aug 14, 2010·Journal of Applied Physiology·W Michael PannetonThomas E Dahms
Oct 25, 2014·Nature·Kari Vaahtomeri, Michael Sixt
Apr 29, 2015·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·Shannon AtkinsonKendall Mashburn
Aug 4, 2007·Journal of Applied Physiology·Connie C W HsiaPeter D Wagner
May 29, 2013·Anatomia, histologia, embryologia·H Smodlaka, R W Henry
Jun 24, 2003·Journal of Applied Physiology·Darija BakovićZeljko Dujić
May 1, 2002·Sports Medicine·Ian B Stewart, Don C McKenzie
Oct 8, 2008·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Matt X RichardsonErika Schagatay
Jun 26, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·W Michael Panneton, Qi Gan
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Apr 8, 2006·Journal of Applied Physiology·D Merrill DaneRobert L Johnson
Oct 14, 2011·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Arnoldus Schytte Blix
Jun 24, 2018·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Arnoldus Schytte Blix
May 25, 2021·Immunological Reviews·Alicia BellomoMarc Bajénoff

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