Vulnerabilities for Exposure to Emerging Infectious Disease at Urban Settlements in Nepal

EcoHealth
David WolkingChristine Johnson

Abstract

In Nepal, rapid urbanization and rural-to-urban migration especially due to internal civil conflict have catalyzed the development of temporary settlements, often along rivers on undeveloped land. This study conducted surveillance for viruses in small mammals and assessed potential risks for virus transmission to people in urban settlements along rivers in Kathmandu, Nepal. We collected samples from 411 small mammals (100 rodents and 311 shrews) at four riverside settlement sites and detected six viruses from four virus families including Thottapalayam virus; a strain of murine coronavirus; two new paramyxoviruses; and two new rhabdoviruses. Additionally, we conducted surveys of 264 residents to characterize animal-human contact. Forty-eight percent of individuals reported contact with wildlife, primarily with rodents and shrews (91%). Our findings confirm that rodents and shrews should be considered a health threat for residents of temporary settlements, and that assessment of disease transmission risk coupled with targeted surveillance for emerging pathogens could lead to improved disease control and health security for urban populations. Additionally, interventions focused on disease prevention should consider the unique urb...Continue Reading

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KX285432
KX285433
KX442774
KP963851-57
KP963858
MG956834
MG956836
MG956835

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

Geneious Pro
R
R Core Development

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