Vulnerability to Depression in Youth: Advances from Affective Neuroscience

Biological Psychiatry : Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
A Kujawa, Katie L Burkhouse

Abstract

Vulnerability models of depression posit that individual differences in trait-like vulnerabilities emerge early in life and increase risk for the later development of depression. In this review, we summarize advances from affective neuroscience using neural measures to assess vulnerabilities in youth at high risk for depression due to parental history of depression or temperament style, as well as prospective designs evaluating the predictive validity of these vulnerabilities for symptoms and diagnoses of depression across development. Evidence from multiple levels of analysis indicates that healthy youth at high risk for depression exhibit abnormalities in components of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) positive valence systems, including blunted activation in the striatum during reward anticipation and feedback, and that some of these measures can be used to predict later symptoms. In addition, alterations in components of RDoC's negative valence systems, including neural processing of sadness, loss, and threat, have been observed in risk for depression, though effects appear to be more task and method dependent. Within the social processes domain, preliminary evidence indicates that neural processing of social feedback, in...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 7, 2018·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines·Autumn KujawaDaniel N Klein
May 8, 2019·Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology·Autumn KujawaK Luan Phan
Dec 11, 2019·Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience·Emilia F CárdenasKathryn L Humphreys
Aug 27, 2019·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Samantha PeggAutumn Kujawa
Jan 12, 2021·Clinical Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science·Autumn KujawaDaniel N Klein
Aug 2, 2021·Developmental Psychobiology·Aline K SzenczyBrady D Nelson

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