Waiting and working for rewards: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is associated with steeper delay discounting linked to amygdala activation, but not with steeper effort discounting

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
Gabry W MiesA Scheres

Abstract

Children and adolescents with ADHD have a relatively strong preference for smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards (steep delay discounting). It is unknown whether such steep discounting of rewards is specific for delayed rewards, i.e., supporting the delay aversion account of ADHD, or whether it is also present for effortful rewards, i.e., representing general reward insensitivity. Therefore, this study examined behavioral and BOLD responses during delay discounting (DD) and effort discounting (ED) in ADHD. Thirty adolescents with ADHD and 28 controls (12-17 years) were scanned while performing a DD-ED task (fMRI findings were based on 21 and 25 participants, respectively). During DD, participants were presented with a series of choices between a small reward delivered immediately and a larger reward delivered after 5-25s. During ED, participants were presented with choices between a small reward that was delivered after exerting 15% of their maximal hand grip strength and a larger reward delivered after exerting 30-90% of their strength. Analyses on the subjective values of delayed and effortful rewards and on the Area Under the discounting Curves (AUCs) indicated that adolescents with ADHD showed steeper discou...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 17, 2018·Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence·Gabry W MiesAnouk Scheres
Jul 5, 2019·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Hanneke ScholtenMaartje Luijten
Feb 2, 2021·Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science·Suzanne H Mitchell, Deborah Sevigny-Resetco
Apr 20, 2020·Biological Psychiatry : Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging·Joel T NiggDamien A Fair
Nov 20, 2021·Journal of Attention Disorders·Sarah MorsinkAnouk Scheres

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