PMID: 16526498Mar 11, 2006Paper

Warning displays in spiny animals: one (more) evolutionary route to aposematism

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
Michael P Speed, Graeme D Ruxton

Abstract

To date, theoretical or laboratory simulations of aposematic evolution in prey animals have focused narrowly on internally stored chemical defense as the source of unprofitability and ignore aposematic advertisement of physical defenses such as spines (and defensive hairs, claws, etc.). This has occurred even though aposematism in spiny animals has been recognized since the 19th century. In this paper we present the first detailed theoretical consideration of aposematism in spiny animals, focusing on questions of initial evolution, costs of display, and coevolution of displays with defenses. Using an individual-based evolutionary model, we found that spines (or similar physical defenses) can easily evolve without aposematism, but when spines do evolve, aposematic displays can also easily evolve if they help to make the prey animal distinctive and if they draw attention to the physical threat. When aposematic displays evolve, they cause reduced investment in costly spines, so that, in addition to signaling unprofitability, aposematic display may enhance the cost-effectiveness of antipredator defenses (one exception to this conclusion is if the display is itself as costly as the defense). For animals with stinging spines, combini...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 1, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Catherine R DarstDavid C Cannatella
Nov 21, 2008·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Jonathan D BlountPhilip A Stephens
Nov 8, 2008·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Tim Caro
Mar 14, 2007·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Michael P Speed, Graeme D Ruxton
Jul 6, 2010·Ecology Letters·Michael P SpeedPhilip A Stephens
Oct 10, 2009·Plant Signaling & Behavior·Simcha Lev-Yadun
Oct 23, 2009·Plant Signaling & Behavior·Simcha Lev-YadunIdo Izhaki
Nov 1, 2007·Plant Signaling & Behavior·Malka HalpernSimcha Lev-Yadun
Feb 25, 2018·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Pieter T J JohnsonJacobus C de Roode
Jan 7, 2010·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Michael P SpeedGraeme D Ruxton

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