Warts and the kings of Parthia: an ancient representation of hereditary Neurofibromatosis depicted in coins

Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Don Todman

Abstract

Parthian coins depict a nodule on the face of many of their kings over succeeding generations. Loosely described as a wart in the literature, the nature of these lesions has been the subject of speculation. The accepted view is that they were unlikely to be simply a cosmetic or symbolic feature. Evidence suggests that they may represent the cutaneous tumors of Neurofibromatosis. The hereditary nature and physical appearance of these round nodules are consistent with this diagnosis. Although final proof may be lacking, these prominent facial features are worthy of discussion even though the matter may not be settled with certainty.

References

Jan 1, 1988·The Journal of Asthma : Official Journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma·R C Panzani
Jun 30, 1994·Nature·D E Linden
Apr 28, 1994·Nature·N K Ragge, F L Munier
Sep 17, 2004·Journal of the History of the Neurosciences·Axel Karenberg, Ferdinand Peter Moog

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Citations

Oct 22, 2013·Journal of Cranio-maxillo-facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery·Dhruv SinghalPhilip Kuo-Ting Chen
Sep 14, 2010·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS·Hutan Ashrafian
Sep 28, 2016·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Martino RuggieriAgata Polizzi
May 21, 2021·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics·Martino RuggieriAgata Polizzi

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