Water-assisted atom transfer radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide: nature of solvent and temperature

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
Jianding Ye, Ravin Narain

Abstract

We demonstrate here via the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) at low temperature that the negative function of water in aqueous ATRP is significantly suppressed. By the addition of a small amount of water in a water-miscible organic solvent and maintaining low polymerization temperature, the ATRP of NIPAM is relatively fast and well controlled. We observed that the rate of the polymerization in pure organic solvent at a monomer concentration of 20 wt % is slow, and relatively low conversions were obtained. The low conversion of PNIPAM in pure alcoholic media (such as methanol, ethanol, and n-propanol) is attributed to the poor solubility of the resulting low molecular weight polymer in such solvents. The consequence is that the PNIPAM chains are aggregated, resulting in the inaccessibility of the embedded halide atom of the polymer chain ends by the copper catalyst. As expected, the ATRP of NIPAM in pure water was found to be fast and uncontrolled. These results have therefore prompted us to study the ATRP of NIPAM in aqueous-organic mixtures. Room temperature polymerization of NIPAM in mixed aqueous-organic solvent mixtures (organic:water = 4:1 or 3:1) revealed to be fast and uncontro...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 1, 2012·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Richard LagaLen W Seymour
Aug 14, 2015·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Steffen KurzhalsErik Reimhult
Feb 7, 2017·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Yiming LiuXiangliang Yang
Jun 15, 2021·Chemical Science·Grzegorz SzczepaniakKrzysztof Matyjaszewski

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