Water for Agriculture: the Convergence of Sustainability and Safety

Microbiology Spectrum
Sarah M MarklandManan Sharma

Abstract

Agricultural water is a precious and limited resource. Increasingly more water types and sources are being explored for use in irrigation within the United States and across the globe. As outlined in this chapter, the Produce Safety Rule (PSR) in the Food Safety and Modernization Act (FSMA) provide irrigation water standards for application of water to fruits and vegetables consumed raw. These rules for production and use of water will continue to develop and be required as the world experiences aspects of a changing climate including flooding as well as drought conditions. Research continues to assess the use of agricultural water types. The increased use of reclaimed water in the United States as well as for selected irrigation water needs for specific crops may provide increased water availability. The use of surface water can be used in irrigation as well, but several studies have shown the presence of some enteric bacterial pathogens (enterohemorrhagic E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes) in these waters that may contaminate fruits and vegetables. There have been outbreaks of foodborne illness in the U.S., South America, Europe, and Australia related to the use of contaminated water in fruit and vegetable i...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 27, 2019·Journal of Food Protection·Marilyn C EricksonJuan Carlos Díaz-Pérez
Jan 18, 2020·Microbiology Spectrum·Patrícia AntunesLuísa Peixe
Aug 10, 2021·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Sonia M HernandezErin K Lipp

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