Water-soluble cruciforms: response to protons and selected metal ions

Journal of the American Chemical Society
Juan TolosaUwe H F Bunz

Abstract

The syntheses of three water-soluble cruciform fluorophores (XF) carrying aniline- N, N-bisacetic acid, 2-hydroxyaniline- N, N, O-trisacetic acid, and 1,2-phenylenediamine- N, N, N', N'-tetrakisacetic acid are reported. The XF skeleton was synthesized by a Horner reaction to assemble the distyrylbenzene unit followed by a Sonogashira coupling to attach the phenyleneethynylene modules. The photophysics of both the sodium salts and the ethyl esters of the three carboxylated 1,4-bis(aminostyryl)-2,5-bis(phenylethynyl)benzenes were investigated in chloroform and in aqueous buffered solution at a pH of 7.0 and compared to that of 1,4-bis(dibutylaminostyryl)-2,5-bis(phenylethynyl)benzene (BDB). The attachment of the carboxylate units to the aniline nitrogens influenced the photophysics and the sensory responses of the XFs, as the combined effect of steric bulk and charge repulsion led to a blue-shifted absorption when compared to that of BDB. While the fluorescence of the water-soluble XFs is sensitive toward metal cations, the mode of sensing action is different from that of BDB, where direct complexation to the aniline nitrogen lowers the energy of the HOMO (but not of the LUMO), leading to a blue-shifted emission. In the case of t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 19, 2011·The Journal of Organic Chemistry·Daniel T ChaseMichael M Haley
Nov 15, 2011·The Journal of Organic Chemistry·Jaebum LimOgnjen Š Miljanić
Dec 29, 2012·The Journal of Organic Chemistry·Jonathan J BryantUwe H F Bunz
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