Weight Loss-Induced Reduction of Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults with Obesity

Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics
Bryan C Jiang, Dennis T Villareal

Abstract

Obesity in older adults is a growing public health problem, yet the appropriate treatment remains controversial partly due to evidence that weight loss reduces bone mass and may increase fracture risk. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research to date on the effects of diet-induced weight loss on bone health in obese (body mass index 30 kg/m2 and above) older (aged 65 years or older) adults. Observational studies have shown that weight loss in this population decreases total hip bone mineral density and increases the risk of frailty fractures (composite of proximal femur, pelvis, and proximal humerus fractures). Randomized controlled trials have largely confirmed these earlier observations but have also shown that exercise, particularly progressive resistance training, can attenuate or even alleviate this bone loss. Further research incorporating outcomes concerning bone quality and mass are needed to identify the optimal exercise and nutritional regimens to counteract the bone loss.

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Citations

Feb 27, 2019·Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics·John A Batsis
Oct 3, 2019·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Tao Zhou, Lu Qi
Dec 5, 2019·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·Reina Armamento-VillarealDennis T Villareal
Aug 24, 2020·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Sabine GoisserJürgen M Bauer
Jun 11, 2020·JAMA Network Open·Syed I KhalidAlfonso Torquati
Sep 13, 2020·The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences·Elizabeth M VendittiBonny Rockette-Wagner
Dec 23, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Yoann BarnouinDennis T Villareal
Dec 19, 2020·Frontiers in Nutrition·Paul T MorganLeigh Breen
Apr 30, 2021·Metabolism Open·Dimitrios TsilingirisMaria Dalamaga
May 22, 2021·Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism·Ziru Li, Ormond A MacDougald
Jan 16, 2022·Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental·Jeongmin LeeSeung-Hwan Lee

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