West Nile virus dissemination and tissue tropisms in orally infected Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus

Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
Yvette A GirardStephen Higgs

Abstract

We investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of West Nile virus (WNV) in organs and tissues of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus mosquitoes for up to 27 days following oral infection. WNV antigen was detected in paraffin-embedded mosquitoes by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence assays were performed on dissected salivary glands and midguts and analyzed by confocal microscopy. We evaluated the route of virus dissemination following midgut escape and the relative importance of amplifying tissues in mosquito susceptibility to infection. WNV infection was persistent in all tissues analyzed including the midgut, salivary glands, nervous system, and fat body and only declined in the cytoplasm of posterior midgut epithelial cells over time. The phenomenon of cell-to-cell spread was observed in the midgut epithelium and WNV intensely infected both circular and longitudinal muscles of the same organ. It is possible that muscle tissue serves as a conduit for virus dissemination and contributes to WNV amplification, particularly late in infection. These findings provide insight into WNV infection dynamics in a highly susceptible, epidemiologically important, North American vector. Our results pave the way for future studies to...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1979·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·M Takahashi, K Suzuki
Feb 10, 1978·Journal of Medical Entomology·B J Beaty, W H Thompson
Apr 1, 1992·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·W S RomoserK Lerdthusnee
Mar 1, 1989·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·B R MillerM E Ballinger
Jan 1, 1987·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·C J Leake, R T Johnson
Apr 25, 1973·Journal of Medical Entomology·J A MilesT Maguire
Sep 1, 1984·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·T W Scott, T G Burrage
Nov 1, 1995·Insect Molecular Biology·A Rayms-KellerB J Beaty
Apr 12, 2001·Journal of Medical Entomology·M J TurellJ W Jones
Oct 5, 2001·Emerging Infectious Diseases·K A BernardUNKNOWN NY State West Nile Virus Surveillance Team
Apr 20, 2002·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·L D Kramer, K A Bernard
Dec 25, 2002·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Laura B GoddardThomas W Scott
Dec 24, 2003·Advances in Virus Research·Laura D Kramer, Gregory D Ebel
Feb 10, 2004·Journal of Medical Entomology·Laura B GoddardThomas W Scott
Feb 18, 2004·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Stephen HiggsErnest A Gould
Dec 1, 1993·Parasitology Today·S HiggsK E Olson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 6, 2006·Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death·Rajeev Vaidyanathan, Thomas W Scott
Aug 28, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jie XuSara Cherry
Jul 16, 2008·Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases·Rajeev VaidyanathanThomas W Scott
Dec 20, 2012·Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases·John T NuckolsStephen Higgs
Mar 24, 2006·Viral Immunology·Bradley S SchneiderStephen Higgs
Jun 8, 2012·Journal of Virology·Andrew E ShawFrederick Arnaud
Apr 10, 2008·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Claire BerticatVincent Corbel
Feb 1, 2007·BMC Microbiology·Ma Isabel SalazarBarry J Beaty
Dec 25, 2010·Disease Models & Mechanisms·Yiorgos Apidianakis, Laurence G Rahme
Sep 7, 2012·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·MeiZhi Irene LiCheong Huat Tan
Apr 21, 2010·Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association·Sheri L AndersonChelsea T Smartt
Jul 3, 2010·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Stephanie L RichardsWalter J Tabachnick
Jun 14, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Stephen HiggsErnest A Gould
Nov 3, 2014·Annual Review of Virology·Michael J ConwayErol Fikrig
Oct 18, 2007·Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association·James A DennettRudy Bueno
Nov 26, 2014·Viruses·Yan-Jang S HuangDana L Vanlandingham
Sep 23, 2011·Journal of Medical Entomology·Rungrat SaiyasombatBradley J Blitvich
May 26, 2010·Journal of Medical Entomology·Yvette A GirardLyric C Bartholomay
Jul 29, 2008·Neurologic Clinics·Larry E DavisKenneth L Tyler
May 14, 2014·Journal of Vector Ecology : Journal of the Society for Vector Ecology·Shufang JiangTongyan Zhao
Dec 3, 2015·Trends in Parasitology·Gong ChengXiaoping Xiao
Jan 15, 2009·The Journal of General Virology·Grishma R ParikhLyric C Bartholomay
Jan 11, 2011·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Alexander T CiotaLaura D Kramer
Feb 14, 2012·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Alexander T CiotaLaura D Kramer
Apr 17, 2014·Pathogens and Disease·Luwanika MleraMarshall E Bloom
Jun 21, 2005·Journal of Medical Entomology·Barbara S DroletWilliam C Wilson
Jun 21, 2005·Journal of Medical Entomology·Yvette A GirardStephen Higgs
Jun 7, 2008·Journal of Medical Entomology·Christopher J VitekCynthia C Lord
Apr 12, 2008·Journal of Medical Entomology·Chelsea T Smartt, Jennifer S Erickson
Dec 1, 2007·Journal of Medical Entomology·Linda M StyerLaura D Kramer
Oct 28, 2016·Current Opinion in Virology·Nathan D Grubaugh, Gregory D Ebel
Nov 7, 2012·Revista de saúde pública·Mariana Rocha DavidRafael Maciel de Freitas
Jul 18, 2015·Viruses·Alexander W E FranzRollie J Clem
Oct 6, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Chantal B F VogelsConstantianus J M Koenraadt
Jan 17, 2013·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Mehul S SutharMichael Gale

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.