West Nile virus in California, 2003-2018: A persistent threat

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Robert E SnyderVicki L Kramer

Abstract

The California Arbovirus Surveillance Program was initiated over 50 years ago to track endemic encephalitides and was enhanced in 2000 to include West Nile virus (WNV) infections in humans, mosquitoes, sentinel chickens, dead birds and horses. This comprehensive statewide program is a function of strong partnerships among the California Department of Public Health (CDPH), the University of California, and local vector control and public health agencies. This manuscript summarizes WNV surveillance data in California since WNV was first detected in 2003 in southern California. From 2003 through 2018, 6,909 human cases of WNV disease, inclusive of 326 deaths, were reported to CDPH, as well as 730 asymptomatic WNV infections identified during screening of blood and organ donors. Of these, 4,073 (59.0%) were reported as West Nile neuroinvasive disease. California's WNV disease burden comprised 15% of all cases that were reported to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during this time, more than any other state. Additionally, 1,299 equine WNV cases were identified, along with detections of WNV in 23,322 dead birds, 31,695 mosquito pools, and 7,340 sentinel chickens. Annual enzootic detection of WNV typically preceded ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 3, 2021·Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases·Mary E DanforthVicki L Kramer
Aug 21, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·Anushri WarangZhenyu Shen

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AF196835

Methods Mentioned

BETA
nucleic acid-amplification

Software Mentioned

CalREDIE
PostgreSQL
CalREDIE )
PostGIS
CalSurv
DART
SAS

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