What do we know about sex differences in depression: A review of animal models and potential mechanisms

Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry
Lei MaRena Li

Abstract

Clinical studies have shown that women are more susceptible to depression than men. Sex differences in depression have been associated with social, cultural, as well as biological factors. In spite of extensive preclinical studies in animal models for depression that have been used for understanding the mechanisms of the disease as well as for new drug development, a substantive lack of attention on sex-specific phenotypes in depression might mask the effect of sex on the outcome. In this review article, we summarize findings on the influence of sex on behavior in the most commonly used animal models for depression. We also discuss the potential underlying mechanisms of such sex-dependent variation in the phenotype, particularly in the neuroendocrine system.

Citations

Jun 16, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Christiane MühleJohannes Kornhuber
May 2, 2020·Journal of Neurochemistry·Suzanne O NolanErin S Calipari
Aug 1, 2020·Nutritional Neuroscience·Sian EgertonCatherine Stanton
Oct 5, 2019·Journal of Neural Transmission·Barbara PlanchezCatherine Belzung
Feb 6, 2020·Cadernos de saúde pública·Jesem Douglas Yamall OrellanaBernardo Lessa Horta
Jun 25, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Raíssa Nóbrega de AlmeidaNicole Leite Galvão-Coelho
Oct 2, 2020·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Carlotta Baroni, Vincenzo Lionetti
Jan 1, 2019·Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports·Sara L WeisenbachVincent Koppelmans
Feb 2, 2021·Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment·Feifei Ren, Rongjuan Guo
May 10, 2021·Biological Psychiatry·Joëlle Lopez, Rosemary C Bagot
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Jun 14, 2021·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology·C SzoekeS Phillips
Aug 10, 2021·Depression and Anxiety·Roy H PerlisHanyu Chwe

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