What factors are associated with the difficult-to-sedate endoscopy patient?

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
Bikram S BalKevin W Olden

Abstract

Difficult sedation during endoscopy results in inadequate examinations and aborted procedures. We hypothesized that gender, alcohol abuse, physical/sexual abuse, and anxiety are predictors of difficult-to-sedate endoscopy patients. This is a prospective cohort study. At the time of enrollment, subjects completed the following three validated questionnaires: state-trait anxiety inventory, self-report version of alcohol use disorder inventory, and Drossman questionnaire for physical/sexual abuse. Conscious sedation was administered for the endoscopic procedures at the discretion of the endoscopist and was graded in accordance with the Richmond agitation sedation scale (RASS). Subjects' perceptions of sedation were documented on a four-point Likert scale 24 h after their procedure. One-hundred and forty-three (79 %) of the 180 subjects enrolled completed the study. On the basis of the RASS score, 56 (39 %) subjects were found to be difficult to sedate of which only five were dissatisfied with their sedation experience. State (n = 39; p = 0.003) and trait (n = 41; p = 0.008) anxiety and chronic psychotropic use (p = 0.040) were associated with difficult sedation. No association was found between difficult sedation and gender (p = 0...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 24, 2014·PloS One·Melianthe P J NicolaiHenk W Elzevier
Jul 11, 2013·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Amit S KashyapKevin W Olden
Feb 19, 2015·Irish Journal of Medical Science·D P ToomeyP Balfe
Mar 31, 2015·Digestive Diseases and Sciences·Salman NusratMohammad F Madhoun
Jun 4, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Marco LauriolaStefano Pontone
Mar 27, 2018·Revista Española De Enfermedades Digestivas : Organo Oficial De La Sociedad Española De Patología Digestiva·Israel Grilo-BensusanValle Aguado Álvarez
Apr 2, 2019·Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology·Seung Hwa LeeJung Un Lee
Jan 4, 2020·Southern Medical Journal·Marco LauriolaStefano Pontone
Sep 16, 2020·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Hyun Seok LeeOtto S Lin
May 8, 2021·World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy·Monica PassiChristopher Koh

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