What is and what could have been: experiencing regret and relief across childhood

Cognition & Emotion
Anna C K van DuijvenvoordeBrenda R J Jansen

Abstract

Counterfactual emotions, such as regret and relief, are considered important in daily-life choice behaviour, learning and emotion regulation. A prominent question is from which age counterfactual emotions develop. In this study, we compared a more "traditional" analysis with a latent-class analysis (LCA) that allows the study of individual differences and a more detailed assessment of counterfactual emotions. Four groups of children (5-6 years, 7-8 years, 9-10 years and 11-13 years) and a group of young adults performed a choice task in which they encountered a Regret situation (chosen option was worse than alternative), a Relief situation (chosen option was better than alternative) and a Baseline situation (chosen option was equal to alternative). Traditional analyses indicated regret and relief to be present from ages 7 to 8. In contrast, the LCA indicated that subgroups experiencing regret and relief were present in all age groups, although regret and relief subgroups increased with age. Moreover, analyses indicated that higher reasoning scores increased the probability to belong to regret and relief subgroups and that the experience of regret dependent on trial order, being more prominent in later trials. We conclude that a...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1997·Psychological Bulletin·N J Roese
Mar 14, 2002·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Brenda R J Jansen, Han L J van der Maas
Sep 10, 2004·Developmental Psychology·Robert Guttentag, Jennifer Ferrell
Dec 10, 2009·The British Journal of Developmental Psychology·Jennifer M FerrellJeffrey M Gredlein
Mar 24, 2010·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Daniel P Weisberg, Sarah R Beck
Aug 20, 2010·Developmental Neuropsychology·Anna C K van DuijvenvoordeHilde M Huizenga
Aug 20, 2011·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Eimear O'ConnorAidan Feeney
Sep 14, 2011·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Brenda R J JansenHilde M Huizenga
Nov 15, 2011·Cognition & Emotion·Daniel P Weisberg, Sarah R Beck
Nov 26, 2011·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Patrick BurnsSarah R Beck

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Citations

Apr 20, 2016·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Teresa McCormackAidan Feeney
Apr 7, 2015·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Eimear O'ConnorAidan Feeney
Jul 24, 2014·Cognition & Emotion·Teresa McCormack, Aidan Feeney
Jan 23, 2018·Child Development·Brian Uprichard, Teresa McCormack
Jul 25, 2019·Behavioural Brain Research·Shalini GautamJonathan Redshaw
Dec 25, 2019·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Jonathan Redshaw, Thomas Suddendorf

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