What is the true supply of amino acids for a dairy cow?

Journal of Dairy Science
H LapierreG E Lobley

Abstract

Improving the prediction of milk protein yield relies on knowledge of both protein supply and requirement. Definition of protein/amino acid supply in ruminants is a challenging task, due to feedstuff variety and variability and to the remodeling of nutrient intake by the rumen microflora. The questions arise, therefore, how and where should we measure the real supply of AA in the dairy cow? This review will follow the downstream flow of AA from duodenum to peripheral tissue delivery, with a glance at the efficiency of transfer into milk protein. Duodenal AA flow comprises rumen undegradable feed, microbial protein, and endogenous secretions. Most attention has been directed toward definition of the first two contributions but the latter fraction can represent as much as 20% of duodenal flow. More information is needed on what factors affect its magnitude and overall impact. Once digested, AA are absorbed into the portal vein. The ratio of portal absorption to small intestinal apparent digestion varies among essential AA, from 0.43 (threonine) to 0.76 (phenylalanine), due to the contributions of preduodenal endogenous secretions to the digestive flow, non-reabsorption of endogenous secretions and gut oxidation of AA. Few data ar...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1978·The Journal of Nutrition·H Tagari, E N Bergman
Aug 1, 1976·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·H G Windmueller, A E Spaeth
Jun 1, 1976·The Journal of Dairy Research·T B MephamJ R Humphreys
Sep 1, 1992·Journal of Dairy Science·G A Broderick, N R Merchen
Mar 1, 1989·The British Journal of Nutrition·D J Cottle, W Velle
Oct 1, 1989·Journal of Dairy Science·J I Weller
Nov 1, 1989·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·I GaliboisL Savoie
Jan 1, 1972·The British Journal of Nutrition·J V Nolan, R A Leng
May 1, 1984·Journal of Dairy Science·R A Leng, J V Nolan
Feb 1, 1982·Journal of Dairy Science·T B Mepham
Aug 1, 1997·Journal of Animal Science·D L Harmon, C J Richards
Jan 22, 1998·The American Journal of Physiology·J C MacRaeA G Calder
Jul 3, 1998·The Journal of Nutrition·S DeSantiagoS M Hutson
Jun 27, 2000·The Journal of Nutrition·A J Darragh, S M Hodgkinson
Oct 4, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J B van GoudoeverP J Reeds
Oct 26, 2001·Gastroenterology·S R van der SchoorP J Reeds
Nov 1, 2001·Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition·M LarsenJ Madsen
Feb 28, 2002·Journal of Dairy Science·A Delgado-ElorduyH Tagari
Aug 30, 2002·Reproduction, Nutrition, Development·M Carole ThiviergeHélène Lapierre
Dec 19, 2002·Journal of Dairy Science·D R OuelletH Lapierre
Feb 11, 2003·Epilepsy Research·Marc YudkoffItzhak Nissim
Mar 11, 2003·Reproduction, Nutrition, Development·Eric FroidmontYves Beckers
May 2, 2003·The British Journal of Nutrition·Gerald E LobleyNgaire Dennison
Aug 5, 2004·Journal of Dairy Science·L DoepelH Lapierre
Mar 30, 2006·The Journal of Dairy Research·Henri Rulquin, Pawel M Pisulewski

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 1, 2010·Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience·S CalsamigliaA M van Vuuren
Sep 11, 2013·Ecology·Joëlle TaillonSteeve D Côté
Feb 6, 2014·Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences : PJBS·A NikkhahA Zalbeyk
Jun 14, 2017·Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition·B WangJ X Liu
Oct 21, 2016·Journal of Dairy Science·J L EllisJ Dijkstra
Sep 19, 2009·Journal of Dairy Science·D Vyas, R A Erdman
Apr 30, 2019·Journal of Dairy Science·A N HristovZ Yu
Jun 12, 2018·Current Drug Metabolism·Feiran WangShengli Li
Aug 25, 2018·Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience·H LapierreG Van Duinkerken
Mar 7, 2020·Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience·M Castillo-UmañaJ P Keim
Nov 11, 2019·Journal of Dairy Science·A J FlemingM D Hanigan
Feb 3, 2021·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Jackeline Thais SilvaCarla Maris Machado Bittar
Jul 28, 2021·Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience·J M Moorby, M D Fraser
Aug 22, 2021·Tropical Animal Health and Production·Muhammad Uzair AkhtarMuhammad Naveed-Ul-Haque

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.