"What Not" Detectors Help the Brain See in Depth

Current Biology : CB
Nuno R Goncalves, Andrew E Welchman

Abstract

Binocular stereopsis is one of the primary cues for three-dimensional (3D) vision in species ranging from insects to primates. Understanding how the brain extracts depth from two different retinal images represents a tractable challenge in sensory neuroscience that has so far evaded full explanation. Central to current thinking is the idea that the brain needs to identify matching features in the two retinal images (i.e., solving the "stereoscopic correspondence problem") so that the depth of objects in the world can be triangulated. Although intuitive, this approach fails to account for key physiological and perceptual observations. We show that formulating the problem to identify "correct matches" is suboptimal and propose an alternative, based on optimal information encoding, that mixes disparity detection with "proscription": exploiting dissimilar features to provide evidence against unlikely interpretations. We demonstrate the role of these "what not" responses in a neural network optimized to extract depth in natural images. The network combines information for and against the likely depth structure of the viewed scene, naturally reproducing key characteristics of both neural responses and perceptual interpretations. We c...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 21, 2017·Current Biology : CB·Jenny C A Read, Bruce G Cumming
Jun 16, 2018·Journal of Vision·Frederick A A KingdomMark A Georgeson
Nov 21, 2018·Journal of Vision·Ross GoutcherPaul B Hibbard
Jan 21, 2018·Scientific Reports·Sucharit KatyalStephen A Engel
Feb 20, 2019·Journal of Vision·Lukas F Schaeffner, Andrew E Welchman
Apr 19, 2018·Nature Communications·Reuben Rideaux, Andrew E Welchman
Jul 11, 2019·Journal of Neurophysiology·Reuben RideauxAndrew E Welchman
Sep 29, 2019·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Reuben RideauxAndrew E Welchman
Feb 8, 2020·Cerebral Cortex·Martin Szinte, Tomas Knapen
Feb 11, 2020·Journal of Vision·Ross Goutcher, Paul B Hibbard
Jun 26, 2020·Annual Review of Vision Science·Johannes Burge
Jan 13, 2018·Scientific Reports·David W Hunter, Paul B Hibbard
Dec 21, 2019·Journal of Vision·Frederick A A KingdomMark A Georgeson
Dec 29, 2018·Journal of Vision·Vijay SinghJohannes Burge
Oct 28, 2019·Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience·Cherlyn J Ng, Dale Purves
Aug 8, 2020·Journal of Vision·Zeynep BasgözeEmily A Cooper
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Dec 29, 2020·Vision Research·Jian Ding, Dennis M Levi
Jan 4, 2021·Neural Networks : the Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society·Gerrit A EckeHanspeter A Mallot

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Theano Python library
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