What Should We Do About Habitual Caffeine Use in Athletes?

Sports Medicine
Craig Pickering, John Kiely

Abstract

Caffeine is a well-established ergogenic aid, demonstrated to enhance performance across a wide range of capacities through a variety of mechanisms. As such, it is frequently used by both athletes and non-athletes alike. As a result, caffeine ingestion is ubiquitous in modern society, with athletes typically being exposed to regular non-supplemental caffeine through a variety of sources. Previously, it has been suggested that regular caffeine use may lead to habituation and subsequently a reduction in the expected ergogenic effects, thereby blunting caffeine's performance-enhancing impact during critical training and performance events. In order to mitigate this expected performance loss, some practitioners recommended a pre-competition withdrawal period to restore the optimal performance benefits of caffeine supplementation. However, at present the evidence base exploring both caffeine habituation and withdrawal strategies in athletes is surprisingly small. Accordingly, despite the prevalence of caffeine use within athletic populations, formulating evidence-led guidelines is difficult. Here, we review the available research regarding habitual caffeine use in athletes and seek to derive rational interpretations of what is curre...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 1, 2019·International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance·Filip SabolPavle Mikulic
Oct 20, 2019·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Craig Pickering, Jozo Grgic
Mar 4, 2020·Sports Medicine·Craig Pickering, Jozo Grgic
Sep 19, 2019·Journal of Human Kinetics·Jozo GrgicPavle Mikulic
May 18, 2020·European Journal of Nutrition·Russ BestCraig Pickering
Apr 13, 2019·Sports Medicine·Craig Pickering, Jozo Grgic
Dec 2, 2020·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Neil D Clarke, Darren L Richardson
Dec 16, 2020·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Vincent G KellyDavid G Jenkins
Jan 9, 2021·European Journal of Sport Science·João Paulo Lopes-SilvaCarlos Rafaell Correia-Oliveira
Mar 7, 2021·Nutrients·Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín, David Varillas-Delgado
Mar 31, 2021·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Aleksandra Filip-StachnikJuan Del Coso
May 1, 2021·Nutrients·Rónán DohertyJason G Ellis
Jun 21, 2021·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Aleksandra Filip-StachnikMichal Wilk
Jul 27, 2021·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Lara Lima NabucoCaio Eduardo Gonçalves Reis
Dec 23, 2021·Scientific Reports·Felipe Sampaio-JorgeBeatriz Gonçalves Ribeiro

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