When phenotypes do not match genotypes--unexpected phenotypic diversity and potential environmental constraints in Icelandic stickleback

The Journal of Heredity
K LucekA Sivasundar

Abstract

Divergent lateral plate phenotypes in stickleback represent one of only a few cases known, where a single gene underlies the phenotype under divergent selection between different habitats. However, the selection pressures leading to the repeated loss of lateral plates in freshwater are still not well understood. By genotyping 838 individuals from 9 independently colonized lakes and 1 marine population in Iceland, we found 1) that only in some lakes are phenotypes associated with the expected genotype and 2) that the independent repeated occurrence of a rarely described plate phenotype is expressed in the absence of an allele that is usually associated with this phenotype. This suggests that either other genes such as modifiers might be under divergent selection between lakes or that lateral plate expression in these populations is restricted due to environmental constraints.

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Citations

Nov 7, 2013·Molecular Ecology·Joost A M RaeymaekersFilip A M Volckaert
Mar 17, 2015·Physics of Life Reviews·Lidan Sun, Rongling Wu
Mar 2, 2016·PLoS Genetics·David A MarquesOle Seehausen
Jan 1, 2019·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Matthew R J MorrisSean M Rogers
Nov 22, 2019·Global Change Biology·Simone Des RochesEric P Palkovacs
Jul 13, 2019·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Laura L DeanAndrew D C MacColl

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