Where do people live longer and shorter lives? An ecological study of old-age survival across 4404 small areas from 18 European countries

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
Ana Isabel RibeiroMaria de Fátima de Pina

Abstract

Further increases in life expectancy in high-income countries depend to a large extent on advances in old-age survival. We aimed to characterise the spatial distribution of old-age survival across small areas of Europe, and to identify areas with significantly high or low survivorship. This study incorporated 4404 small areas from 18 European countries. We used a 10-year survival rate to express the proportion of population aged 75-84 years who reached 85-94 years of age (beyond average life expectancy). This metric was calculated for each gender using decennial census data (1991, 2001 and 2011) at small geographical areas. To address problems associated with small areas, rates were smoothed using a Bayesian spatial model. Excursion sets were defined to identify areas with significantly high (>95th centile) and low (<5th) survival. In 2011, on average, 47.1% (range: 22.5-71.5) of the female population aged 75-84 years had reached 85-94 years of age, compared to 34.2% (16.4-49.6) of the males. These figures, however, hide important and time-persistent spatial inequalities. Higher survival rates were concentrated in northern Spain, Andorra and northeastern Italy, and in the south and west of France. Lower survival was found in pa...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 25, 2016·Journal of Aging & Social Policy·Oscar RibeiroConstança Paúl
Feb 27, 2018·International Journal of Public Health·Ana Isabel RibeiroMaria de Fátima de Pina
Apr 3, 2019·Evaluation & the Health Professions·Davide AusiliBarbara Riegel
Jun 23, 2020·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics·Pamela A McCombeRobert D Henderson
Jan 30, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Ana I RibeiroHenrique Barros

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