Whipworms in humans and pigs: origins and demography

Parasites & Vectors
Mohamed B F HawashPeter Nejsum

Abstract

Trichuris suis and T. trichiura are two different whipworm species that infect pigs and humans, respectively. T. suis is found in pigs worldwide while T. trichiura is responsible for nearly 460 million infections in people, mainly in areas of poor sanitation in tropical and subtropical areas. The evolutionary relationship and the historical factors responsible for this worldwide distribution are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to reconstruct the demographic history of Trichuris in humans and pigs, the evolutionary origin of Trichuris in these hosts and factors responsible for parasite dispersal globally. Parts of the mitochondrial nad1 and rrnL genes were sequenced followed by population genetic and phylogenetic analyses. Populations of Trichuris examined were recovered from humans (n = 31), pigs (n = 58) and non-human primates (n = 49) in different countries on different continents, namely Denmark, USA, Uganda, Ecuador, China and St. Kitts (Caribbean). Additional sequences available from GenBank were incorporated into the analyses. We found no differentiation between human-derived Trichuris in Uganda and the majority of the Trichuris samples from non-human primates suggesting a common African origin of the parasite,...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 19, 2018·Journal of Veterinary Medicine·Abadi Amare Reda
May 30, 2020·Nature Reviews. Disease Primers·Kathryn J ElsePhilip J Cooper
Nov 19, 2020·BMC Veterinary Research·Julia RiveroRocío Callejón
Mar 25, 2021·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Katalina CruzMaría Trelis
Nov 13, 2020·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Mohamed Bayoumi Fahmy HawashPeter Nejsum

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AF293969

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

Arlequin
log combiner
MEGA
Tracer
SplitsTree
BEAST
GIMP
Genetree
AMOVA
BioEdit

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