White coat effect and reactivity to stress: cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system responses

Hypertension
P LantelmeJ O Fortrat

Abstract

The aim of this study was to elucidate further the precise nature of the so-called "white coat" (WC) effect. We enrolled 88 hypertensive (46 men, 42 women) and 18 normotensive (4 men, 14 women) subjects in whom beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measured with a Finapres device at rest (R period) and during conventional BP measurement (WC period). The WC effect was defined as WC period minus R period values of Finapres systolic BP. Using the same method, we also measured the BP and HR variations induced by mental stress (MS period) and by assuming the standing position (S period). Variability was estimated in the frequency domain for BP (BPV) and HR (HRV) and gave indices of the autonomic nervous system. Pulse wave velocity was taken as an index of arterial distensibility. In hypertensive subjects, the WC effect was significantly and positively correlated with the BP response to stress (0.51, P<.0001) and standing (0.63, P<.0001). An increased BPV was observed in the low-frequency band (0 to 0.150 Hz) during WC, MS, and S periods. In normotensive subjects, the WC effect was very slight and not correlated with the responses to stress and standing. In this group, the WC period was not accompanied with an inc...Continue Reading

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