Who bears the cost of forest conservation?

PeerJ
Mahesh PoudyalBruno S Ramamonjisoa

Abstract

While the importance of conserving ecosystems for sustainable development is widely recognized, it is increasingly evident that despite delivering global benefits, conservation often comes at local cost. Protected areas funded by multilateral lenders have explicit commitments to ensure that those negatively affected are adequately compensated. We make the first comparison of the magnitude and distribution of the local costs of a protected area with the magnitude and distribution of the compensation provided under the World Bank social safeguard policies (Performance Standard 5). In the Ankeniheny-Zahamena Corridor (a new protected area and REDD+ pilot project in eastern Madagascar), we used choice experiments to estimate local opportunity costs (n = 453) which we annualized using a range of conservative assumptions concerning discount rates. Detailed surveys covering farm inputs and outputs as well as off-farm income (n = 102) allowed us to explore these opportunity costs as a proportion of local incomes. Intensive review of publically available documents provided estimates of the number of households that received safeguard compensation and the amount spent per household. We carried out a contingent valuation exercise with ben...Continue Reading

References

Jul 3, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Anthony WaldronJohn L Gittleman
Nov 16, 2013·Science·Soizic Le SaoutAna S L Rodrigues
Jan 1, 2014·Conservation Biology : the Journal of the Society for Conservation Biology·Martin Reinhardt NielsenBo Jellesmark Thorsen
Feb 19, 2014·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Celia A HarveyJames L Mackinnon
Jan 13, 2015·Global Change Biology·Francesco N TubielloPete Smith
Oct 16, 2015·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Emily WoodhouseE J Milner-Gulland
Sep 1, 2016·Journal of Environmental Management·O Sarobidy RakotonarivoNeal Hockley

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Citations

Aug 31, 2019·American Journal of Primatology·Stefanie HeinickeHjalmar S Kühl
Jun 27, 2019·Nature Ecology & Evolution·James E M Watson, Julia P G Jones
Feb 20, 2021·Current Biology : CB·Hollie BoothDavid R Williams
Jul 28, 2021·Nature·Georgina G GurneyStacy D Jupiter

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCA

Software Mentioned

Ngene
ReShare
EcoEngine
REDD
R gmnl package
R polycor package
R psych package
WaterWorld

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