Why different rules are required for polygenic inheritance: lessons from studies of the DRD2 gene

Alcohol
D E Comings

Abstract

In 1990 Blum, Noble and coworkers reported a significant association between the 1 allele of the Tarq1A polymorphism of the D2 dopamine receptor gene (DRD2) and severe alcoholism. Subsequently, some reports using both linkage and association techniques supported this finding whereas others either did not, or seemed not to support this association. Although some of the controversy is due to true variability in the frequency of the D2A1 allele in different groups of alcoholics and controls, some is also due to the frequent attempt to apply the rules of single-gene disorders to what is in all likelihood a multifactorial, polygenic disorder. When the rules that are appropriate to polygenic inheritance are used a significant portion of the controversy is resolved. Those rules, and their application to the role of the DRD2 gene in addictive, impulsive behaviors, are reviewed.

References

Jul 1, 1979·Annals of Neurology·I J ButlerH S Singer
Nov 1, 1990·Archives of General Psychiatry·J GelernterK K Kidd
Jan 1, 1991·Physiological Reviews·M Le Moal, H Simon
Jul 1, 1991·Archives of General Psychiatry·H W MoisesJ L Kennedy
Jul 1, 1991·Archives of General Psychiatry·A ParsianC R Cloninger
Jan 1, 1990·Human Heredity·L Beckman, N Fröhlander
Apr 13, 1990·Science·R Plomin
Apr 24, 1987·Science·C R Cloninger
Jan 1, 1984·Annual Review of Biochemistry·A RichA H Wang
May 1, 1995·Archives of Neurology·D E Comings
Feb 1, 1994·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·D E ComingsS D Flanagan
Apr 1, 1994·Medical Hypotheses·E P NobleR S Sparkes
Apr 7, 1993·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·J GelernterN Risch
Jun 17, 1994·Science·R PlominP McGuffin
Oct 1, 1993·Biochemical Medicine and Metabolic Biology·D E ComingsR Gysin
Oct 1, 1993·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·E P NobleM D Anglin
Aug 19, 1993·The New England Journal of Medicine·T G KrontirisN Risch
Jul 15, 1993·American Journal of Medical Genetics·C N PatoJ L Kennedy
Aug 15, 1993·Biological Psychiatry·C L Barr, K K Kidd
Sep 13, 1996·Science·N Risch, K Merikangas
Jun 1, 1996·Pharmacogenetics·D E ComingsR Gade
Feb 1, 1996·Pharmacogenetics·D E ComingsD Muhleman
Nov 15, 1996·Biological Psychiatry·E JönssonF A Wiesel
Mar 1, 1997·Molecular Psychiatry·D E ComingsJ MacMurray
Jan 1, 1997·Molecular Psychiatry·D E ComingsP MacMurray
Mar 10, 1998·Molecular Psychiatry·D E Comings

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 14, 2006·Immunogenetics·Tineke Hooper-van VeenBernard M J Uitdehaag
Dec 23, 2006·Archives of Sexual Behavior·Carolyn T HalpernDenise D Hallfors
Jan 3, 2001·European Journal of Pharmacology·A H WongH H Van Tol
Dec 19, 1998·Psychiatry Research·E P NobleR S Sparkes
Sep 21, 2000·Lung Cancer : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer·E V BelogubovaE N Imyanitov
Apr 1, 2003·Psychology of Addictive Behaviors : Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors·Caroline BrunelleFrank Vitaro
Apr 12, 2007·International Anesthesiology Clinics·Judith Ann Strong
Jan 31, 2009·Behavioural Pharmacology·Bernard Le FollPhilip Gorwood
Oct 22, 2011·Clinical Nurse Specialist CNS·Rebecca CoffeyEsther Chipps
Jan 1, 2004·Tobacco Induced Diseases·Nancy Nairi Maserejian, Athanasios I Zavras
Sep 5, 2002·American Journal of Medical Genetics·Hong-Seock LeeSangduk Kim
May 16, 2003·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part a·Tero HallikainenJ Tiihonen
Jan 10, 2016·Behavioral and Brain Functions : BBF·Clara I Gomez-SanchezCarmen Ayuso
Feb 9, 2011·PM & R : the Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation·Thomas W McAllister
Sep 22, 2007·Journal of Neuroimmunology·Tineke van VeenBernard M J Uitdehaag
Jun 9, 2004·European Journal of Immunogenetics : Official Journal of the British Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics·H M SchrijverB M J Uitdehaag
Mar 11, 2003·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics : the Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·Hong-Seock Lee
Jan 26, 2006·Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society·Judith A StrongLei Yu
May 11, 2012·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics : the Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·Tineke van VeenFrans G Zitman
Sep 26, 2000·Molecular Genetics and Metabolism·D E Comings, J P MacMurray
Oct 18, 2002·Neuron·Aki LaaksoMarc G Caron
Sep 22, 1999·American Journal of Medical Genetics·T TownM Mullan
Aug 21, 2002·International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·V S MatteviM H Hutz
Oct 14, 2006·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Verónica L Martínez Marignac, Néstor O Bianchi
Sep 13, 2001·Clinical Genetics·D E ComingsR J Rosenthal
Dec 11, 2003·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Tineke Hooper-van VeenBernard M J Uitdehaag
Apr 28, 2009·Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences·Kent W NilssonJerzy Leppert
Jul 21, 2001·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·D E Comings
Jun 22, 2010·The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse·Jon E GrantDavid A Gorelick

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.