Widespread detection of human- and ruminant-origin Bacteroidales markers in subtidal waters of the Salish Sea in Washington State

Journal of Water and Health
Zack S OyafusoLinda D Rhodes

Abstract

Rising populations around coastal systems are increasing the threats to marine water quality. To assess anthropogenic fecal influence, subtidal waters were examined monthly for human- and ruminant-sourced Bacteroidales markers at 80 sites across six oceanographic basins of the Salish Sea (Washington State) from April through October, 2011. In the basins containing cities with individual populations>190,000, >50% of sites were positive for the human marker, while in the basins with high densities of dairy and cattle operations, ∼30% of sites were positive for the ruminant marker. Marker prevalence was elevated in spring (April and May) and fall (October) and reduced during summer (June through September), corresponding with seasonal precipitation. By logistic regression, the odds of human marker detection increased with percentage of adjacent catchment impervious surface, dissolved nitrate concentration, and abundance of low nucleic acid bacteria, but decreased with salinity and chlorophyll fluorescence. The odds of ruminant marker detection increased with dissolved ammonium concentration, mean flow rate for the nearest river, and adjacent shoreline length. These relationships are consistent with terrestrial to marine water flow...Continue Reading

References

Aug 4, 2006·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Orin C ShanksKatharine G Field
Apr 29, 2009·Journal of Environmental Quality·Alyssa BellGary S Sayler
Mar 30, 2010·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Linda K DickDonald M Stoeckel
Feb 1, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Christopher J Schulz, Gary W Childers
Aug 2, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Ryan J NewtonSandra L McLellan
Oct 2, 2012·Water Research·Jennifer Gentry-ShieldsJill R Stewart
Jul 25, 2013·Water Research·Alexandria B BoehmStephen B Weisberg

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Citations

Apr 28, 2017·Annals of Intensive Care·Alexandre RobertJean Dellamonica

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