Widespread presence of human BOULE homologs among animals and conservation of their ancient reproductive function.

PLoS Genetics
Chirag ShahEugene Y Xu

Abstract

Sex-specific traits that lead to the production of dimorphic gametes, sperm in males and eggs in females, are fundamental for sexual reproduction and accordingly widespread among animals. Yet the sex-biased genes that underlie these sex-specific traits are under strong selective pressure, and as a result of adaptive evolution they often become divergent. Indeed out of hundreds of male or female fertility genes identified in diverse organisms, only a very small number of them are implicated specifically in reproduction in more than one lineage. Few genes have exhibited a sex-biased, reproductive-specific requirement beyond a given phylum, raising the question of whether any sex-specific gametogenesis factors could be conserved and whether gametogenesis might have evolved multiple times. Here we describe a metazoan origin of a conserved human reproductive protein, BOULE, and its prevalence from primitive basal metazoans to chordates. We found that BOULE homologs are present in the genomes of representative species of each of the major lineages of metazoans and exhibit reproductive-specific expression in all species examined, with a preponderance of male-biased expression. Examination of Boule evolution within insect and mammalian...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 1, 2013·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Kiyono SekiiLukas Schärer
Sep 26, 2012·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Byunghyuk KimKunsoo Rhee
Jan 17, 2015·Developmental Biology·Kazuki SekinéMasatsugu Hatakeyama
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Jul 29, 2021·Zygote : the Biology of Gametes and Early Embryos·Yinjiao ZhaoShu Wei

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping
PCR
transgenic
biopsies

Software Mentioned

ClustalX
ClustalW2
Leica image suite
Boule
Tblastn

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