Willful modulation of brain activity in disorders of consciousness.

The New England Journal of Medicine
Martin M MontiS Laureys

Abstract

The differential diagnosis of disorders of consciousness is challenging. The rate of misdiagnosis is approximately 40%, and new methods are required to complement bedside testing, particularly if the patient's capacity to show behavioral signs of awareness is diminished. At two major referral centers in Cambridge, United Kingdom, and Liege, Belgium, we performed a study involving 54 patients with disorders of consciousness. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess each patient's ability to generate willful, neuroanatomically specific, blood-oxygenation-level-dependent responses during two established mental-imagery tasks. A technique was then developed to determine whether such tasks could be used to communicate yes-or-no answers to simple questions. Of the 54 patients enrolled in the study, 5 were able to willfully modulate their brain activity. In three of these patients, additional bedside testing revealed some sign of awareness, but in the other two patients, no voluntary behavior could be detected by means of clinical assessment. One patient was able to use our technique to answer yes or no to questions during functional MRI; however, it remained impossible to establish any form of communication at the...Continue Reading

References

May 26, 1994·The New England Journal of Medicine·UNKNOWN Multi-Society Task Force on PVS
Aug 1, 1993·Neurology·N L ChildsH W Childs
Jul 6, 1996·BMJ : British Medical Journal·K AndrewsC Littlewood
Feb 13, 2002·Neurology·Joseph T GiacinoN D Zasler
Jun 11, 2004·IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering·Nikolaus WeiskopfNiels Birbaumer
Aug 25, 2004·Lancet Neurology·Steven LaureysNicholas D Schiff
Oct 27, 2004·NeuroImage·Stephen M SmithPaul M Matthews
Nov 8, 2005·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Steven Laureys
Sep 9, 2006·Science·Adrian M OwenJohn D Pickard
Sep 11, 2007·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Martin R ColemanAdrian M Owen
Feb 21, 2008·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Adrian M Owen, Martin R Coleman
Nov 13, 2008·Neurology·C SchnakersS Laureys
Apr 9, 2009·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Martin M MontiAdrian M Owen
Oct 13, 2009·Progress in Brain Research·Martin M MontiAdrian M Owen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 31, 2011·Journal of Neurology·Per M AslaksenChristoph Schäfer
Nov 15, 2011·Journal of Neurology·Marie-Aurélie BrunoSteven Laureys
Jun 15, 2013·Journal of Neurology·Julia LechingerManuel Schabus
Jun 15, 2011·Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·Cristina Rosazza, Ludovico Minati
Dec 2, 2011·Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·Daniela TarquiniCarlo A Defanti
Sep 21, 2013·Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports·Gastone G Celesia
Oct 4, 2013·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Davinia Fernández-Espejo, Adrian M Owen
Feb 9, 2011·Médecine sciences : M/S·Marie ThonnardAudrey Vanhaudenhuyse
Jan 31, 2013·Seminars in Neurology·Brian L Edlow, Ona Wu
May 21, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Susan Byrne, Orla Hardiman
Feb 5, 2010·The New England Journal of Medicine·Allan H Ropper
Jul 6, 2012·The New England Journal of Medicine·Allan H Ropper
Jul 28, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Anton PlotkinNoam Sobel
Apr 20, 2012·Brain Connectivity·Mélanie BolyAndrea Soddu
Jun 28, 2011·Journal of Palliative Medicine·J Andrew Billings
Jul 21, 2011·Journal of Neurotrauma·Antonio CandelieriWalter G Sannita
Nov 6, 2012·Journal of Neurotrauma·Victor CologanSteven Laureys
Nov 10, 2011·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·David Borsook
Jan 10, 2012·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Mario RosanovaMarcello Massimini
Apr 30, 2013·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Daniele De MassariNiels Birbaumer
Oct 18, 2011·Current Opinion in Neurology·Andrew M Goldfine, Nicholas D Schiff
Oct 3, 2013·Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society·Carolyn M Benson, Gordon Bryan Young
Aug 16, 2013·Science Translational Medicine·Nicholas D Schiff
Oct 16, 2012·Journal of Medical Ethics·Richard Huxtable
Apr 13, 2013·International Journal of Neural Systems·Gernot R Müller-PutzPetar Horki
Dec 6, 2012·Critical Care Research and Practice·P GuldenmundS Laureys
Oct 23, 2013·Biomedical Engineering Online·Urszula MalinowskaPiotr J Durka
Nov 3, 2010·BMC Medicine·Steven LaureysUNKNOWN European Task Force on Disorders of Consciousness
Jun 1, 2012·Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation·Martin WieserRobert Riener
Jun 5, 2010·Nonlinear Biomedical Physics·Arvid Lundervold
Apr 25, 2012·The AAPS Journal·C SchnakersS Laureys
Dec 15, 2010·PLoS Biology·Michael S Rafii, James B Brewer

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.