Wind direction and proximity to larval sites determines malaria risk in Kilifi District in Kenya.

Nature Communications
Janet T MidegaPhilip Bejon

Abstract

Studies of the fine-scale spatial epidemiology of malaria consistently identify malaria hotspots, comprising clusters of homesteads at high transmission intensity. These hotspots sustain transmission, and may be targeted by malaria-control programmes. Here we describe the spatial relationship between the location of Anopheles larval sites and human malaria infection in a cohort study of 642 children, aged 1-10-years-old. Our data suggest that proximity to larval sites predict human malaria infection, when homesteads are upwind of larval sites, but not when homesteads are downwind of larval sites. We conclude that following oviposition, female Anophelines fly upwind in search for human hosts and, thus, malaria transmission may be disrupted by targeting vector larval sites in close proximity, and downwind to malaria hotspots.

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Citations

Mar 5, 2013·Malaria Journal·Drissa CoulibalyOgobara K Doumbo
Dec 19, 2013·PLoS Computational Biology·T Alex PerkinsDavid L Smith
Jul 23, 2013·PloS One·Christopher J ThomasClaus Bøgh
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Apr 22, 2017·Malaria Journal·Melanie Bannister-TyrrellKoen Peeters Grietens
Sep 25, 2019·Gates Open Research·Su Yun KangDonal Bisanzio
Apr 23, 2020·Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciências·Joel Henrique EllwangerJosé Artur B Chies
Jun 9, 2020·Journal of Parasitic Diseases : Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology·Praveen KumarVinay Gangare
Aug 10, 2021·Current Epidemiology Reports·Griffin J BellJeffrey A Bailey

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Software Mentioned

SaTScan
Google Earth

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